Impact of antibiotic treatment duration on outcomes in older men with suspected urinary tract infection: retrospective cohort study

Ahmed, Haroon ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0634-8548, Farewell, Daniel ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8871-1653, Francis, Nick A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8939-7312, Paranjothy, Shantini ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0528-3121 and Butler, Christopher C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0102-3453 2019. Impact of antibiotic treatment duration on outcomes in older men with suspected urinary tract infection: retrospective cohort study. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 28 (6) , pp. 857-866. 10.1002/pds.4791

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Abstract

Purpose Clinical guidelines recommend at least 7 days of antibiotic treatment for older men with urinary tract infection (UTI). There may be potential benefits for patients, health services, and antimicrobial stewardship if shorter antibiotic treatment resulted in similar outcomes. We aimed to determine if treatment duration could be reduced by estimating risk of adverse outcomes according to different prescription durations. Methods This retrospective cohort study included men aged greater than or equal to 65 years old with a suspected UTI. We compared outcomes in men prescribed 3, 5, 7, and 8 to 14 days of antibiotic treatment in a multivariable logistic regression analysis and 3 versus 7 days in a propensity‐score matched analysis. Our outcomes were reconsultation and represcription (proxy for treatment failure), hospitalisation for UTI, sepsis, or acute kidney injury (AKI), and death. Results Of 360 640 men aged greater than or equal to 65 years, 33 745 (9.4%) had a UTI. Compared with 7 days, men prescribed 3‐day treatment had greater odds of reconsultation and represcription (adjusted OR 1.48; 95% CI, 1.25‐1.74) but lower odds of AKI hospitalisation (adjusted OR 0.66; 95% CI, 0.45‐0.97). We estimated that treating 150 older men with 3 days instead of 7 days of antibiotics could result in four extra reconsultation and represcriptions and one less AKI hospitalisation. We estimated annual prescription cost savings at around £2.2 million. Conclusions Antibiotic treatment for older men with suspected UTI could be reduced to 3 days, albeit with a small increase in risk of treatment failure. A definitive randomised trial is urgently needed.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Publisher:	Wiley
ISSN:	1053-8569
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	16 May 2019
Date of Acceptance:	1 April 2019
Last Modified:	07 Nov 2023 08:30
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/122555

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