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The diet of red-throated divers (Gavia stellata) overwintering in the German Bight (North Sea) analysed using molecular diagnostics

Kleinschmidt, Birgit, Burger, Claudia, Dorsch, Monika, Nehls, Georg, Heinänen, Stefan, Morkūnas, Julius, Žydelis, Ramūnas, Moorhouse-Gann, Rosemary J., Hipperson, Helen, Symondson, William O. C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3343-4679 and Quillfeldt, Petra 2019. The diet of red-throated divers (Gavia stellata) overwintering in the German Bight (North Sea) analysed using molecular diagnostics. Marine Biology 166 (6) , 77. 10.1007/s00227-019-3523-3

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Abstract

In Europe, the German Bight is one of the most important non-breeding areas for protected red-throated divers (Gavia stellata). It is unclear what attracts the birds to this area, especially as the food composition of seabirds outside the breeding season is notoriously difficult to study. To obtain information on prey species composition of red-throated divers in this area, faecal samples from 34 birds caught alive were analysed using DNA metabarcoding. Prey DNA was detected in 85% of the samples with a mean number of 4.2 ± 0.7 taxa per sample (n = 29). Altogether, we found a broad prey spectrum with 19 fish taxa from 13 families dominated by five groups: clupeids, mackerel, gadoids, flatfish and sand lances with clupeids being the most frequently detected prey. Our results indicate that red-throated divers are generalist opportunistic feeders in the German Bight, but pelagic schooling fish that aggregate at frontal zones and have a high energetic value might be favoured. Atlantic mackerel appears to be a more important prey for red-throated divers in this area than previously thought. The precision achievable using metabarcoding has revealed a number of prey species that are consumed by red-throated divers in the German Bight, which helps to explain the selection of this area by divers in winter and spring.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Published Online
Status: Published
Schools: Biosciences
Publisher: SpringerLink
ISSN: 0025-3162
Date of First Compliant Deposit: 28 May 2019
Date of Acceptance: 6 May 2019
Last Modified: 28 Mar 2024 09:52
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/122896

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