Cortical cells are altered by factors including bone morphogenetic protein released from a placental barrier model under altered oxygenation

Leinster, Veronica H.L., Phillips, Thomas J., Jones, Nicola, Sanderson, Sharon, Simon, Katja, Hanley, Jon and Case, Charles Patrick 2020. Cortical cells are altered by factors including bone morphogenetic protein released from a placental barrier model under altered oxygenation. Neuronal Signaling 4 (1) , NS20190148. 10.1042/NS20190148

	PDF - Published Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution. Download (1MB)
	PDF - Supplemental Material Available under License Creative Commons Attribution. Download (324kB)

Abstract

Episodes of hypoxia and hypoxia/reoxygenation during foetal development have been associated with increased risk of neurodevelopmental conditions presenting in later life. The mechanism for this is not understood; however, several authors have suggested that the placenta plays an important role. Previously we found both placentas from a maternal hypoxia model and pre-eclamptic placentas from patients release factors lead to a loss of dendrite complexity in rodent neurons. Here to further explore the nature and origin of these secretions we exposed a simple in vitro model of the placental barrier, consisting of a barrier of human cytotrophoblasts, to hypoxia or hypoxia/reoxygenation. We then exposed cortical cultures from embryonic rat brains to the conditioned media (CM) from below these exposed barriers and examined changes in cell morphology, number, and receptor presentation. The barriers released factors that reduced dendrite and astrocyte process lengths, decreased GABAB1 staining, and increased astrocyte number. The changes in astrocytes required the presence of neurons and were prevented by inhibition of the SMAD pathway and by neutralising Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) 2/4. Barriers exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation also released factors that reduced dendrite lengths but increased GABAB1 staining. Both oxygen changes caused barriers to release factors that decreased GluN1, GABAAα1 staining and increased GluN3a staining. We find that hypoxia in particular will elicit the release of factors that increase astrocyte number and decrease process length as well as causing changes in the intensity of glutamate and GABA receptor staining. There is some evidence that BMPs are released and contribute to these changes.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Pharmacy
Publisher:	Portland Press
ISSN:	2059-6553
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	1 October 2021
Date of Acceptance:	23 March 2020
Last Modified:	11 Oct 2023 19:48
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/144587

Actions (repository staff only)

Edit Item