Substituent effects on energetics and crystal morphology modulate singlet fission in 9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracenes

Bae, Youn Jue, Christensen, Joseph A., Kang, Gyeongwon, Zhou, Jiawang, Young, Ryan M., Wu, Yi-Lin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0253-1625, Van Duyne, Richard P., Schatz, George C. and Wasielewski, Michael R. 2019. Substituent effects on energetics and crystal morphology modulate singlet fission in 9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracenes. Journal of Chemical Physics 151 (4) , 044501. 10.1063/1.5110411

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Abstract

Singlet fission (SF) converts a singlet exciton into two triplet excitons in two or more electronically coupled organic chromophores, which may then be used to increase solar cell efficiency. Many known SF chromophores are unsuitable for device applications due to chemical instability or low triplet state energies. The results described here show that efficient SF occurs in derivatives of 9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene (BPEA), which is a highly robust and tunable chromophore. Fluoro and methoxy substituents at the 4- and 4′-positions of the BPEA phenyl groups control the intermolecular packing in the crystal structure, which alters the interchromophore electronic coupling, while also changing the SF energetics. The lowest excited singlet state (S1) energy of 4,4′-difluoro-BPEA is higher than that of BPEA so that the increased thermodynamic favorability of SF results in a (16 ± 2 ps)−1 SF rate and a 180% ± 16% triplet yield, which is about an order of magnitude faster than BPEA with a comparable triplet yield. By contrast, 4-fluoro-4′-methoxy-BPEA and 4,4′-dimethoxy-BPEA have slower SF rates, (90 ± 20 ps)−1 and (120 ± 10 ps)−1, and lower triplet yields, (110 ± 4)% and (168 ± 7)%, respectively, than 4,4′-difluoro-BPEA. These differences are attributed to changes in the crystal structure controlling interchromophore electronic coupling as well as SF energetics in these polycrystalline solids.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Chemistry
Publisher:	American Institute of Physics (AIP)
ISSN:	0021-9606
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	29 July 2019
Date of Acceptance:	18 June 2019
Last Modified:	06 Nov 2023 20:56
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/124555

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