Cold accretion flows and the nature of high column density H?i absorption at redshift 3

van de Voort, Freeke ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6301-638X, Schaye, Joop, Altay, Gabriel and Theuns, Tom 2012. Cold accretion flows and the nature of high column density H?i absorption at redshift 3. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 421 (4) , pp. 2809-2819. 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20487.x

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Abstract

Simulations predict that galaxies grow primarily through the accretion of gas that has not gone through an accretion shock near the virial radius and that this cold gas flows towards the central galaxy along dense filaments and streams. There is, however, little observational evidence for the existence of these cold flows. We use a large, cosmological, hydrodynamical simulation that has been post‐processed with radiative transfer to study the contribution of cold flows to the observed z= 3 column density distribution of neutral hydrogen, which our simulation reproduces. We find that nearly all of the H i absorption arises in gas that has remained colder than 105.5 K, at least while it was extragalactic. In addition, the majority of the H i is falling rapidly towards a nearby galaxy, with non‐negligible contributions from outflowing and static gas. Above a column density of forumla cm−2, most of the absorbers reside inside haloes, but the interstellar medium only dominates for forumla cm−2. Haloes with total mass below 1010 M⊙ dominate the absorption for forumla cm−2, but the average halo mass increases sharply for higher column densities. Although very little of the H i in absorbers with forumla cm−2 resides inside galaxies, systems with forumla cm−2 are closely related to star formation: most of their H i either will become part of the interstellar medium before z= 2 or has been ejected from a galaxy at z > 3. Cold accretion flows are critical for the success of our simulation in reproducing the observed rate of incidence of damped Lyman‐α and particularly that of Lyman limit systems. We therefore conclude that cold accretion flows exist and have already been detected in the form of high column density H i absorbers.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Physics and Astronomy
Publisher:	Oxford University Press
ISSN:	0035-8711
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	12 March 2020
Date of Acceptance:	3 January 2012
Last Modified:	05 May 2023 11:05
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/130260

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