A novel mathematical model of AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma: Analysis and optimal control

Kaondera-Shava, R. F., Lungu, E. and Szomolay, B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5375-5533 2021. A novel mathematical model of AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma: Analysis and optimal control. BioSystems 200 , 104318. 10.1016/j.biosystems.2020.104318

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Abstract

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) has been the most common HHV-8 virus-induced neoplasm associated with HIV-1 infection. Although the standard KS therapy has not changed in 20 years, not all cases of KS will respond to the same therapy. The goal of current AIDS-KS treatment modalities is to reconstitute the immune system and suppress HIV-1 replication, but newer treatment modalities are on horizon. There are very few mathematical models that have included HIV-1 viral load (VL) measures, despite VL being a key determinant of treatment outcome. Here we introduce a mathematical model that consolidates the effect of both HIV-1 and HHV-8 VL on KS tumor progression by incorporating low or high VLs into the proliferation terms of the immune cell populations. Regulation of HIV-1/HHV-8 VL and viral reservoir cells is crucial for restoring a patient to an asymptomatic stage. Therefore, an optimal control strategy given by a combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) is derived. The results indicate that the drug treatment strategies are capable of removing the viral reservoirs faster and consequently, the HIV-1 and KS tumor burden is reduced. The predictions of the mathematical model have the potential to offer more effective therapeutic interventions based on viral and virus-infected cell load and support new studies addressing the superiority of VL over CD T-cell count in HIV-1 pathogenesis.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine Systems Immunity Research Institute (SIURI)
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	0303-2647
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	24 March 2021
Date of Acceptance:	30 November 2020
Last Modified:	07 Nov 2023 19:04
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/137158

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