Characterization of antimicrobial resistant Gram-negative bacteria that cause neonatal sepsis in seven low and middle-income countries

Sands, Kirsty, Carvalho, Maria J., Portal, Edward, Thomson, Kathryn, Dyer, Calie, Akpulu, Chinenye, Andrews, Robert, Ferreira, Ana, Gillespie, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6934-2928, Hender, Thomas, Hood, Kerenza ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5268-8631, Mathias, Jordan, Milton, Rebecca, Nieto, Maria, Taiyari, Khadijeh, Chan, Grace J., Bekele, Delayehu, Solomon, Semaria, Basu, Sulagna, Chattopadhyay, Pinaki, Mukherjee, Suchandra, Iregbu, Kenneth, Modibbo, Fatima, Uwaezuoke, Stella, Zahra, Rabaab, Shiazi, Haider, Muhammad, Adil, Mazarati, Jean-Baptiste, Rucogoza, Aniceth, Gaju, Luci, Mehtar, Shaheen, Bulabula, Andre N. H., Whitelaw, Andrew, Group, BARNARDS and Walsh, Timothy R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4315-4096 2021. Characterization of antimicrobial resistant Gram-negative bacteria that cause neonatal sepsis in seven low and middle-income countries. Nature Microbiology 6 , 512–523. 10.1038/s41564-021-00870-7

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Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance in neonatal sepsis is rising, yet mechanisms of resistance that often spread between species via mobile genetic elements, ultimately limiting treatments in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), are poorly characterized. The Burden of Antibiotic Resistance in Neonates from Developing Societies (BARNARDS) network was initiated to characterize the cause and burden of antimicrobial resistance in neonatal sepsis for seven LMICs in Africa and South Asia. A total of 36,285 neonates were enrolled in the BARNARDS study between November 2015 and December 2017, of whom 2,483 were diagnosed with culture-confirmed sepsis. Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 258) was the main cause of neonatal sepsis, with Serratia marcescens (n = 151), Klebsiella michiganensis (n = 117), Escherichia coli (n = 75) and Enterobacter cloacae complex (n = 57) also detected. We present whole-genome sequencing, antimicrobial susceptibility and clinical data for 916 out of 1,038 neonatal sepsis isolates (97 isolates were not recovered from initial isolation at local sites). Enterobacterales (K. pneumoniae, E. coli and E. cloacae) harboured multiple cephalosporin and carbapenem resistance genes. All isolated pathogens were resistant to multiple antibiotic classes, including those used to treat neonatal sepsis. Intraspecies diversity of K. pneumoniae and E. coli indicated that multiple antibiotic-resistant lineages cause neonatal sepsis. Our results will underpin research towards better treatments for neonatal sepsis in LMICs.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Advanced Research Computing @ Cardiff (ARCCA) Centre for Trials Research (CNTRR) Medicine
Additional Information:	This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Publisher:	Nature Research
ISSN:	2058-5276
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	9 April 2021
Date of Acceptance:	22 March 2021
Last Modified:	23 Jul 2024 16:11
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/140402

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