Serum protein electrophoresis may be used as a screening tool for antibody deficiency in children and adolescents

Piza, Cristina Frias Sartorelli de Toledo, Aranda, Carolina Sanchez, Solé, Dirceu, Jolles, Stephen and Condino-Neto, Antonio 2021. Serum protein electrophoresis may be used as a screening tool for antibody deficiency in children and adolescents. Frontiers in Immunology 12 , 712637. 10.3389/fimmu.2021.712637

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Abstract

Background: Patients with antibody deficiency may experience exceptionally long diagnostic delays, increasing the risk of life-threatening infections, end-organ damage, mortality, and health costs. Objective: This study aimed to analyze serum protein electrophoresis and verify the correlation between calculated globulin (CG, total protein minus albumin levels) or electrophoretically determined serum gamma globulin fraction (Gamma) with IgG levels in children and adolescents under 18 years old (yo). Methods: We analyzed serum protein electrophoresis (GC or Gamma) and IgG levels from 1215 children and adolescents under 18 yo, classified into 5 age groups. We verified the correlation between CG or Gamma with serum IgG levels. Results: Serum IgG levels varied according to age groups (from 4.3 ± 2.3 g/l in children under 6 months old to 11.4 ± 3.2 g/l in adolescents in the 10-<18 yo group). CG sensitivity and specificity to detect IgG below the reference range for all patients were 93.1% and 81.8%, respectively, and varied according to age group. Gamma sensitivity and specificity for all patients were 100% and 87.8%, respectively, and varied according to age group as well. We found serum IgG levels below the age reference level in 29 patients (2.4% of the cases) using CG or Gamma levels. Conclusion: Both CG and Gamma levels may be of utility as a screening tool for earlier diagnosis of antibody deficiency in children and adolescents under 18 yo.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Additional Information:	This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)
Publisher:	Frontiers Media
ISSN:	1664-3224
Funders:	N/A
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	13 September 2021
Date of Acceptance:	2 August 2021
Last Modified:	17 May 2023 01:52
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/144024

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