Characterisation of Staphylococci species from neonatal blood cultures in low- and middle-income countries

Sands, Kirsty, Carvalho, Maria J., Spiller, Owen B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9117-6911, Portal, Edward A. R., Thomson, Kathryn, Watkins, William John ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3262-6588, Mathias, Jordan, Dyer, Calie, Akpulu, Chinenye, Andrews, Robert, Ferreira, Ana, Hender, Thomas, Milton, Rebecca, Nieto, Maria, Zahra, Rabaab, Shirazi, Haider, Muhammad, Adil, Akif, Shermeen, Jan, Muhammad Hilal, Iregbu, Kenneth, Modibbo, Fatima, Uwaezuoke, Stella, Chan, Grace J., Bekele, Delayehu, Solomon, Semaria, Basu, Sulagna, Nandy, Ranjan Kumar, Naha, Sharmi, Mazarati, Jean-Baptiste, Rucogoza, Aniceth, Gaju, Lucie, Mehtar, Shaheen, Bulabula, Andre N. H., Whitelaw, Andrew and Walsh, Timothy R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4315-4096 2022. Characterisation of Staphylococci species from neonatal blood cultures in low- and middle-income countries. BMC Infectious Diseases 22 (1) , 593. 10.1186/s12879-022-07541-w

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Abstract

Background: In low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) Staphylococcus aureus is regarded as one of the leading bacterial causes of neonatal sepsis, however there is limited knowledge on the species diversity and antimicrobial resistance caused by Gram-positive bacteria (GPB). Methods: We characterised GPB isolates from neonatal blood cultures from LMICs in Africa (Ethiopia, Nigeria, Rwanda, and South Africa) and South-Asia (Bangladesh and Pakistan) between 2015–2017. We determined minimum inhibitory concentrations and performed whole genome sequencing (WGS) on Staphylococci isolates recovered and clinical data collected related to the onset of sepsis and the outcome of the neonate up to 60 days of age. Results: From the isolates recovered from blood cultures, Staphylococci species were most frequently identified. Out of 100 S. aureus isolates sequenced, 18 different sequence types (ST) were found which unveiled two small epidemiological clusters caused by methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in Pakistan (ST8) and South Africa (ST5), both with high mortality (n = 6/17). One-third of S. aureus was MRSA, with methicillin resistance also detected in Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Mammaliicoccus sciuri. Through additional WGS analysis we report a cluster of M. sciuri in Pakistan identified between July-November 2017. Conclusions: In total we identified 14 different GPB bacterial species, however Staphylococci was dominant. These findings highlight the need of a prospective genomic epidemiology study to comprehensively assess the true burden of GPB neonatal sepsis focusing specifically on mechanisms of resistance and virulence across species and in relation to neonatal outcome.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Published Online
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine Centre for Trials Research (CNTRR)
Additional Information:	License information from Publisher: LICENSE 1: URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Type: open-access
Publisher:	BioMed Central
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	6 July 2022
Date of Acceptance:	15 June 2022
Last Modified:	10 Nov 2023 02:08
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/151074

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