Host defense peptides at the ocular surface: roles in health and major diseases, and therapeutic potentials.

Ting, D.S.J, Mohammed, Imran ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8412-0768, Lakshminarayanan, Rajamani, Beuerman, Roger W. and Dua, Harminder S. 2022. Host defense peptides at the ocular surface: roles in health and major diseases, and therapeutic potentials. Frontiers in Medicine 9 , 835843. 10.3389/fmed.2022.835843

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Abstract

Sight is arguably the most important sense in human. Being constantly exposed to the environmental stress, irritants and pathogens, the ocular surface - a specialized functional and anatomical unit composed of tear film, conjunctival and corneal epithelium, lacrimal glands, meibomian glands, and nasolacrimal drainage apparatus - serves as a crucial front-line defense of the eye. Host defense peptides (HDPs), also known as antimicrobial peptides, are evolutionarily conserved molecular components of innate immunity that are found in all classes of life. Since the first discovery of lysozyme in 1922, a wide range of HDPs have been identified at the ocular surface. In addition to their antimicrobial activity, HDPs are increasingly recognized for their wide array of biological functions, including anti-biofilm, immunomodulation, wound healing, and anti-cancer properties. In this review, we provide an updated review on: (1) spectrum and expression of HDPs at the ocular surface; (2) participation of HDPs in ocular surface diseases/conditions such as infectious keratitis, conjunctivitis, dry eye disease, keratoconus, allergic eye disease, rosacea keratitis, and post-ocular surgery; (3) HDPs that are currently in the development pipeline for treatment of ocular diseases and infections; and (4) future potential of HDP-based clinical pharmacotherapy for ocular diseases.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Published Online
Status:	Published
Schools:	Optometry and Vision Sciences
Publisher:	Frontiers Media
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	14 October 2022
Date of Acceptance:	17 May 2022
Last Modified:	09 May 2023 10:42
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/153249

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