Cognitive and behavioural processes predict anxiety and depression in patients with pulmonary hypertension

Rawlings, Gregg H, Thompson, Andrew R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6788-7222, Armstrong, Iain, Novakova, Barbora and Beail, Nigel 2022. Cognitive and behavioural processes predict anxiety and depression in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary Circulation , e12174. 10.1002/pul2.12174

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Abstract

Emotional and psychological difficulties cannot fully be explained by disease-related factors in people with pulmonary hypertension (PH). This study examined the relationship between anxiety, depression, demographic, objective and subjective PH factors, and self-reported cognitive and behavioural processes, which have been associated with mood in clinical and non-clinical samples. This is a secondary analysis of baseline data from 77 adults with PH who took part in a randomised controlled trial of a self-help intervention targeting anxiety in PH. Participants completed self-report measures including: demographic (age, gender, ethnicity, education, employment) and clinical questionnaire (PH diagnosis, functional class, years since diagnosis), depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), health-related quality of life (emPHAsis-10), dyspnoea (D12), and cognitive and behavioural processes (CBP-Q) scale. Data were analysed using correlational and regression analyses. Overall, 70% and 63% of participants scored above the clinical cut off for anxiety and depression, respectively. Demographics were not associated with anxiety or depression. PH-related factors were correlated with depression but not anxiety. A multiple regression analysis suggested dyspnoea and cognitive processes significantly predicted anxiety whereas behavioural processes were not a unique predictor. In contrast, dyspnoea and behavioural processes predicted depression whereas cognitive processes did not. While a body of evidence exists demonstrating people with PH are more likely to experience anxiety and depression, less is known about factors that cause and maintain these disorders. Findings highlight the significance of subjective factors that could be a target for screening and psychological treatments for emotional difficulties, such as cognitive behavioural therapy.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Published Online
Status:	Published
Schools:	Psychology
Publisher:	Wiley Open Access
ISSN:	2045-8940
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	12 December 2022
Date of Acceptance:	3 December 2022
Last Modified:	07 May 2023 06:24
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/154804

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