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A mixed-methods examination of nature beliefs as predictors of sustainable behaviour in the UK/Archwiliad dulliau cymysg o gredoau natur sy’n darogan ymddygiad cynaliadwy yn y DU

Williams, Marc 2023. A mixed-methods examination of nature beliefs as predictors of sustainable behaviour in the UK/Archwiliad dulliau cymysg o gredoau natur sy’n darogan ymddygiad cynaliadwy yn y DU. PhD Thesis, Cardiff University.
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Abstract

Behaviour change is needed to address the ecological crisis. There is a gap in our understanding of the UK public’s nature beliefs (beliefs about non-human species and the natural environments in which they interact) and how these beliefs influence sustainable behaviour. This thesis is a mixed-method examination of nature beliefs and their relationship with two broad kinds of sustainable behaviour: pro-environmental behaviours (i.e., those that reduce carbon emissions and protect the environment) and pro-nature behaviours (i.e., those relating more specifically to the protection and conservation of non-human species and their habitats). After an introduction to the context and rationale of the thesis (Chapter 1), Chapter 2 reviews a range of nature beliefs and the evidence for their association with sustainable behaviour, noting conflicting evidence for anthropomorphism (perceiving nature to have humanlike characteristics). Chapter 3 describes the epistemological and ontological underpinnings of the thesis and briefly summarises the quantitative and qualitative approaches used in each study. Chapter 4 presents a systematic review, concluding that there is strong evidence that anthropomorphism influences sustainable behaviour via empathy, connectedness to nature, and guilt. Chapter 5 presents a grounded theory of the facilitators of pro-nature behaviours, noting its similarities with the Value-Belief-Norm (VBN) model (Stern, Dietz, Abel, Guagnano, & Kalof, 1999). Chapter 6 presents findings from a quantitative survey of an approximately representative UK sample: biospheric values predict consumption pro-environmental behaviours, and only two beliefs (connectedness to nature and empathy toward nature) are found to be predictive of high-cost pro-environmental behaviours. Chapter 7 brings together all nature beliefs from the preceding chapters and tests the ability of each to uniquely predict pro-environmental behaviours and pro-nature behaviours. The study replicates the finding that biospheric values predict consumption pro-environmental behaviours and that connectedness to nature predicts high-cost pro-environmental behaviours. No other variable is positively predictive high-cost pro-environmental behaviours in this study. Connectedness to nature also predicts high-cost pro-nature behaviours, as does empathy toward nature. Instrumental value beliefs are found to be negatively predictive of both high-cost pro-environmental and pro-nature behaviours. Chapter 7 additionally explores eco-anger and eco-guilt as potential mediators explaining the link between connectedness to nature/empathy toward nature and high-cost sustainable behaviour and provides empirical support for an extended VBN model as an explanation for high-cost behaviours. The findings of the studies presented in this thesis are interpreted through the lens of group identities (identifying with humans versus identifying with the natural world) and the implications of iv this for interventions and future research are discussed (Chapter 8). The findings have implications for matching message content to existing beliefs and dispositions. I argue that tackling the ecological crisis requires the development of cultural norms that reframe humans as part of the natural world and de-emphasise nature’s instrumental value to humans. Mae angen newid ein hymddygiad i fynd i'r afael â'r argyfwng ecolegol. Mae bwlch yn ein dealltwriaeth o gredoau natur y cyhoedd yn y DU (credoau am rywogaethau nad ydynt yn ddynol a’r amgylcheddau naturiol y maent yn rhyngweithio ynddynt) a sut mae’r credoau hyn yn dylanwadu ar ymddygiad cynaliadwy. Mae’r traethawd hwn yn archwiliad dull cymysg o gredoau natur a’u perthynas â dau fath eang o ymddygiad cynaliadwy: ymddygiad o blaid yr amgylchedd (h.y., ymddygiad sy’n lleihau allyriadau carbon ac yn diogelu’r amgylchedd) ac ymddygiad o blaid natur (h.y., ymddygiad sy’n ymwneud yn fwy penodol â gwarchod a chadwraeth rhywogaethau nad ydynt yn ddynol a'u cynefinoedd). Ar ôl cyflwyniad i gyd-destun a rhesymeg y traethawd (Pennod 1), mae Pennod 2 yn adolygu ystod o gredoau natur a’r dystiolaeth o’u cysylltiad ag ymddygiad cynaliadwy, gan nodi tystiolaeth anghyson ar gyfer anthropomorffaeth (canfod bod gan natur nodweddion dynol). Mae Pennod 3 yn disgrifio seiliau epistemolegol ac ontolegol y traethawd ac yn crynhoi'n fyr y dulliau meintiol ac ansoddol a ddefnyddiwyd ym mhob astudiaeth. Mae Pennod 4 yn cyflwyno adolygiad systematig, gan ddod i'r casgliad bod tystiolaeth gref bod anthropomorffaeth yn dylanwadu ar ymddygiad cynaliadwy trwy empathi, cysylltedd â natur, ac euogrwydd. Mae Pennod 5 yn cyflwyno damcaniaeth seiliedig (“grounded theory”) o hwyluswyr ymddygiad o blaid natur, ac yn nodi tebygrwydd y ddamcaniaeth â’r model Gwerth-Cred-Norm (GCN; Stern, Dietz, Abel, Guagnano, & Kalof, 1999). Mae Pennod 6 yn cyflwyno canfyddiadau o arolwg meintiol sy’n frasamcan o sampl cynrychioliadol o’r DU: mae gwerthoedd biosfferig yn darogan ymddygiad treuliant (“consumption behaviour”) o blaid yr amgylchedd, a dim ond dwy gred (cysylltedd â natur ac empathi tuag at natur) y canfyddir eu bod yn darogan ymddygiad cost uchel o blaid yr amgylchedd. Mae Pennod 7 yn dwyn ynghyd yr holl gredoau natur o’r penodau blaenorol ac yn profi gallu pob un i ddarogan ymddygiad o blaid yr amgylchedd ac ymddygiad o blaid natur yn annibynnol. Mae'r astudiaeth ym Mhennod 7 yn dyblygu'r canfyddiad bod gwerthoedd biosfferig yn darogan ymddygiad treuliant o blaid yr amgylchedd a bod cysylltedd â natur yn darogan ymddygiad cost uchel o blaid yr amgylchedd. Nid oes unrhyw newidyn arall yn darogan ymddygiad cost uchel o blaid yr amgylchedd yn bositif yn yr astudiaeth hon. Mae cysylltedd â natur ac empathi tuag at natur hefyd yn darogan ymddygiad cost uchel o blaid natur. Canfyddir bod credoau gwerth offerynnol yn darogan ymddygiad cost uchel o blaid yr amgylchedd ac o blaid natur yn negatif. Mae Pennod 7 hefyd yn archwilio eco-ddicter ac eco-euogrwydd fel cyfryngwyr (“mediators”) posibl gan esbonio’r cysylltiad rhwng cysylltedd â natur/empathi tuag at natur ac ymddygiad cynaliadwy cost uchel, ac yn darparu cefnogaeth empirig ar gyfer model GCN estynedig fel esboniad am ymddygiad cost uchel. iv Dehonglir canfyddiadau'r astudiaethau a gyflwynir yn y traethawd hwn trwy lens hunaniaethau cymdeithasol (uniaethu gyda bodau dynol/uniaethu gyda’r byd naturiol) a thrafodir goblygiadau hyn ar gyfer ymyriadau ac ymchwil yn y dyfodol (Pennod 8). Mae gan y canfyddiadau oblygiadau ar gyfer paru cynnwys negeseuon (“matching message content”) â chredoau a thueddfrydau (“dispositions”) sydd eisoes gan bobl. Rwy’n dadlau bod mynd i’r afael â’r argyfwng ecolegol yn gofyn am ddatblygu normau diwylliannol sy’n ail-gysyniadu bodau dynol fel rhan o’r byd naturiol ac yn dad-bwysleisio gwerth offerynnol natur i fodau dynol.

Item Type: Thesis (PhD)
Date Type: Completion
Status: Unpublished
Schools: Psychology
Language other than English: Welsh
Date of First Compliant Deposit: 26 May 2023
Last Modified: 26 May 2024 01:30
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/159997

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