Rare genetic brain disorders with overlapping neurological and psychiatric phenotypes

Peall, Kathryn J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4749-4944, Owen, Michael J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4798-0862 and Hall, Jeremy ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2737-9009 2024. Rare genetic brain disorders with overlapping neurological and psychiatric phenotypes. Nature Reviews Neurology 20 (1) , pp. 7-21. 10.1038/s41582-023-00896-x

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Abstract

Understanding rare genetic brain disorders with overlapping neurological and psychiatric phenotypes is of increasing importance given the potential for developing disease models that could help to understand more common, polygenic disorders. However, the traditional clinical boundaries between neurology and psychiatry result in frequent segregation of these disorders into distinct silos, limiting cross-specialty understanding that could facilitate clinical and biological advances. In this Review, we highlight multiple genetic brain disorders in which neurological and psychiatric phenotypes are observed, but for which in-depth, cross-spectrum clinical phenotyping is rarely undertaken. We describe the combined phenotypes observed in association with genetic variants linked to epilepsy, dystonia, autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. We also consider common underlying mechanisms that centre on synaptic plasticity, including changes to synaptic and neuronal structure, calcium handling and the balance of excitatory and inhibitory neuronal activity. Further investigation is needed to better define and replicate these phenotypes in larger cohorts, which would help to gain greater understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms and identify common therapeutic targets.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (CNGG)
ISSN:	17594758
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	26 March 2024
Date of Acceptance:	22 October 2023
Last Modified:	10 Nov 2024 07:00
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/167553

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