Factors associated with poor mental health in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: results from the International Map of Axial Spondyloarthritis (IMAS)

Garrido-Cumbrera, Marco, Navarro-Compán, Victoria, Poddubnyy, Denis, Sommerfleck, Fernando, Makri, Souzi, Correa-Fernández, José, Akerkar, Shashank, Lowe, Jo, Karam, Elie and Bundy, Christine ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5981-3984 2024. Factors associated with poor mental health in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: results from the International Map of Axial Spondyloarthritis (IMAS). RMD Open 10 (2) , e004218. 10.1136/rmdopen-2024-004218

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Abstract

Background: This study aims to assess the prevalence of poor mental health in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and its associated factors in a large sample of patients from the International Map of Axial Spondyloarthritis (IMAS) study from around the globe. Methods: IMAS is a cross-sectional online survey (2017–2022) that includes 5557 unselected patients with axSpA worldwide. Mental health was evaluated by the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and the cut-off point for poor mental health was set at 3. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate relationships between the investigated factors and poor mental health (GHQ-12≥3) in patients with axSpA (n=4335). Results: Of 5351 patients, the mean of GHQ-12 was 4.7 and 59.4% were having poor mental health, being 69.9% in South Africa, 63.7% in Latin America, 60.8% in Europe, 54.3% in North America and 51.8% in Asia. Overall, 40.5% and 37.2% of patients experienced anxiety and depression. The factors associated with poor mental health were younger age (OR=0.99), female gender (OR=1.16), being on sick leave or unemployed (OR=1.63), non-physical activity (OR=1.22), smoking (OR=1.20), higher Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index [BASDAI] (OR=1.42), functional limitation (OR=1.02) and shorter symptoms duration (OR=0.98). Conclusions: Globally, 6 in 10 patients with axSpA had poor mental health, with a higher proportion in South Africa and lower in Asia. The factors associated with poor mental health include domains such as younger age, female gender, employment difficulties, harmful habits, disease burden and symptom duration. A holistic management approach to axSpA should encompass both physical and mental health.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Published Online
Status:	Published
Schools:	Healthcare Sciences
Additional Information:	License information from Publisher: LICENSE 1: URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/, Start Date: 2024-06-12, Type: open-access
Publisher:	BMJ Publishing Group
ISSN:	2056-5933
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	19 June 2024
Date of Acceptance:	7 May 2024
Last Modified:	19 Jun 2024 12:45
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/169917

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