Satisfaction and violation of the fluctuation-dissipation relation in spin ice materials

Morineau, F., Cathelin, V., Holdsworth, P. C. W., Giblin, S. R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1876-8619, Balakhrishnan, G., Matsuhira, K., Paulsen, C. and Lhotel, E. 2025. Satisfaction and violation of the fluctuation-dissipation relation in spin ice materials. Physical Review Letters 134 (9) , 096702. 10.1103/physrevlett.134.096702

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Abstract

We test the fluctuation-dissipation relation (FDR) in spin ice materials Dy2⁢Ti2⁢O7 and Ho2⁢Ti2⁢O7 by measuring both the magnetic noise and the out-of-phase part of the susceptibility and comparing their ratio. We show that it is satisfied at temperatures well into the nonergodic region below 600 mK, indicating local equilibrium. In both materials, below 400 mK, low frequency violations develop, showing an excess of noise as in spin glasses, with a frequency threshold of 0.1 Hz. New relaxation pathways and aging properties are unveiled in this frequency range in the ac susceptibility. The FDR remains valid at higher frequencies down to 150 mK.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Published Online
Status:	Published
Schools:	Schools > Physics and Astronomy
Publisher:	American Physical Society
ISSN:	0031-9007
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	19 March 2025
Date of Acceptance:	9 January 2025
Last Modified:	19 Mar 2025 15:15
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/176951

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