Extension of the dynamic Thickened Flame model for partially-premixed multi-fuel multi-injection combustion and application to an ammonia–hydrogen swirled flame

Vargas Ruiz, H. J., Laera, D., Lartigue, G., Mashruk, S., Valera Medina, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1580-7133 and Gicquel, L. 2025. Extension of the dynamic Thickened Flame model for partially-premixed multi-fuel multi-injection combustion and application to an ammonia–hydrogen swirled flame. Combustion and Flame 274 , 113992. 10.1016/j.combustflame.2025.113992 Item availability restricted.

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Abstract

An extension of the widely-used Thickened Flame model for Large Eddy Simulations (TFLES) is proposed to take into account multi-fuel multi-injection combustion processes. Indeed, in such systems the local variations of the fuel composition and the local evolution of the equivalence ratio issued by differential diffusion effects inferred by the potential different nature of the used fuels need to be addressed for a proper use of the standard TFLES model. To do so, the extended model relies on a description of the differentiated fuel injections mixing that is computed from a transported mixture fraction tracing the spatial evolution of each fuel stream. This allows to both incorporate local fuel composition inhomogeneities into the combustion model and a proper parameterization of the flame sensor or turbulent combustion model. The proposed modeling is then used to predict the ammonia–air swirling flame stabilized by multiple hydrogen injection holes and operated at Cardiff University. To perform this specific simulations, a dedicated and novel analytically reduced chemical kinetics model for NH3-H2-N2/air combustion is also derived and validated at gas turbine operating conditions and for multiple ammonia–hydrogen binary fuel blends as well as ternary fuel blends derived from ammonia decomposition. The results obtained by the use of the novel Multi-Fuel TFLES model (MF-TFLES) are compared against the conventional TFLES predictions and assessed via OH* chemiluminescence and NO Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence (NO-PLIF) experimental data. As shown, the proposed modeling improves the flame shape and structure prediction by assuring the correct local application of the artificial flame thickening coherently, taking into consideration the multi-fuel complex mixing process, a feature that the standard TFLES model cannot consider hindering the quality of the prediction.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Schools > Engineering
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	0010-2180
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	25 March 2025
Date of Acceptance:	17 January 2025
Last Modified:	25 Mar 2025 15:15
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/177095

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