Age-at-onset in bipolar-I disorder: mixture analysis of 1369 cases identifies three distinct clinical sub-groups

Hamshere, Marian Lindsay ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8990-0958, Gordon-Smith, Katherine, Forty, Elizabeth, Jones, Lisa, Caesar, Sian, Fraser, Christine, Hyde, Sally, Tredget, John, Kirov, George ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3427-3950, Jones, Ian Richard ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5821-5889, Craddock, Nicholas John ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2171-0610 and Smith, Daniel J. 2009. Age-at-onset in bipolar-I disorder: mixture analysis of 1369 cases identifies three distinct clinical sub-groups. Journal of affective disorders 116 (1-2) , pp. 23-29. 10.1016/j.jad.2008.10.021

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Abstract

Background To assess whether bipolar disorder type I segregates into three clinically distinct sub-groups defined by age-at-onset. Methods Clinical data were available on 1369 individuals with DSM-IV bipolar I disorder. Mixture analysis was performed on the age-at-onset (AAO) data to determine whether they were composed of more than one normal distribution. Individuals were allocated to groups according to the results of the mixture analysis. Categorical logistic regression was then used to investigate relationships between AAO and nine clinical characteristics. Results The distribution of AAOs in our sample comprised a mixture of three normal distributions with means of 18.7 (SD = 3.7), 28.3 (SD = 5.5) and 43.3 (SD = 9.1) years, with relative proportions of 0.47, 0.39 and 0.14 respectively. Individuals were allocated into three groups dependent on their AAO: ≤ 22; 25–37; and ≥ 40 years, producing a sample of 1225 individuals (144 with borderline values were excluded). Eight out of the nine clinical characteristics showed evidence for a statistical association with AAO group. Limitations Systematic and non-systematic recruitment of participants. Some data relied on retrospective recall. Conclusions Our results provide further robust evidence to suggest that the AAO distribution of individuals affected with bipolar disorder is composed of three normal distributions. Substantial clinical heterogeneity between the three AAO groups may reflect genetic heterogeneity within bipolar I disorder. Future genetic studies should consider AAO grouping as potential sub-phenotypes.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (CNGG)
Subjects:	R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	bipolar, age-at-onset, diagnosis, symptoms
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	0165-0327
Last Modified:	19 Oct 2022 10:51
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/25736

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