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The association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and D2 with depressive symptoms in childhood - a prospective cohort study

Tolppanen, Anna-Maija, Sayers, Adrian, Fraser, William D., Lewis, Glyn, Zammit, Stanley ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2647-9211 and Lawlor, Debbie A. 2012. The association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and D2 with depressive symptoms in childhood - a prospective cohort study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 53 (7) , pp. 757-766. 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02518.x

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Abstract

Background: Depression in adolescence is common and early onset predicts worse outcome in adulthood. Studies in adults have suggested a link between higher total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and lower risk of depression. Objectives: To investigate (a) the association between serum 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 concentrations and depressive symptoms in children, and (b) whether the associations of 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 are different from, and independent of, each other. Methods: Prospective cohort study with serum 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 concentrations measured at mean age of 9.8 years and depressive symptoms assessed with the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire by a trained interviewer at the mean ages of 10.6 years (n = 2,759) and 13.8 years (n = 2,752). Results: Higher concentrations of 25(OH)D3 assessed at mean age 9.8 years were associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms at age 13.8 years [adjusted risk ratio (RR; 95% confidence interval (CI)): 0.90 (0.86–0.95)], but not at age 10.6 years [adjusted RR (95% CI): 0.98 (0.93–1.03)] and with increased odds of decreasing symptoms between age 10.6 and 13.8 years [adjusted RR (95% CI): 1.08 (1.01–1.16)]. Serum 25(OH)D2 concentrations were not associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusions: This is the first study in children to suggest that the association between 25(OH)D3 concentrations and depression emerges in childhood. The association is independent of a wide range of potential confounding factors, and appears to be stronger with greater time separation between assessment of 25(OH)D3 and assessment of depressive symptoms. Confirmation of our findings in large prospective studies and trials would be valuable.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (CNGG)
Medicine
Subjects: Q Science > QH Natural history > QH426 Genetics
R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
R Medicine > RJ Pediatrics > RJ101 Child Health. Child health services
Uncontrolled Keywords: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D; calcium; parathyroid hormone; child; depression; ALSPAC
Publisher: Wiley
ISSN: 0021-9630
Last Modified: 20 Oct 2022 08:06
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/27267

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