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Virus-host coevolution in a persistently coxsackievirus B3-infected cardiomyocyte cell line

Pinkert, Sandra, Klingel, Karin, Lindig, Vanessa, Dorner, Andrea, Zeichhardt, Heinz, Spiller, Owen Bradley ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9117-6911 and Fechner, Henry 2011. Virus-host coevolution in a persistently coxsackievirus B3-infected cardiomyocyte cell line. Journal of Virology 85 (24) , pp. 13409-13419. 10.1128/JVI.00621-11

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Abstract

Coevolution of virus and host is a process that emerges in persistent virus infections. Here we studied the coevolutionary development of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) and cardiac myocytes representing the major target cells of CVB3 in the heart in a newly established persistently CVB3-infected murine cardiac myocyte cell line, HL-1CVB3. CVB3 persistence in HL-1CVB3 cells represented a typical carrier-state infection with high levels (106 to 108 PFU/ml) of infectious virus produced from only a small proportion (approximately 10%) of infected cells. CVB3 persistence was characterized by the evolution of a CVB3 variant (CVB3-HL1) that displayed strongly increased cytotoxicity in the naive HL-1 cell line and showed increased replication rates in cultured primary cardiac myocytes of mouse, rat, and naive HL-1 cells in vitro, whereas it was unable to establish murine cardiac infection in vivo. Resistance of HL-1CVB3 cells to CVB3-HL1 was associated with reduction of coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) expression. Decreasing host cell CAR expression was partially overcome by the CVB3-HL1 variant through CAR-independent entry into resistant cells. Moreover, CVB3-HL1 conserved the ability to infect cells via CAR. The employment of a soluble CAR variant resulted in the complete cure of HL-1CVB3 cells with respect to the adapted virus. In conclusion, this is the first report of a CVB3 carrier-state infection in a cardiomyocyte cell line, revealing natural coevolution of CAR downregulation with CAR-independent viral entry in resistant host cells as an important mechanism of induction of CVB3 persistence.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Medicine
Subjects: Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR180 Immunology
Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR355 Virology
Additional Information: Pdf uploaded in accordance with publisher's policy at http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/issn/0022-538X/ (accessed 25/02/2014)
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
ISSN: 0022-538X
Date of First Compliant Deposit: 30 March 2016
Last Modified: 03 May 2023 09:41
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/27458

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