Growth differentiation factor-9 expression is inversely correlated with an aggressive behaviour in human bladder cancer cells

Du, Peng, Ye, Lin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0303-2409, Li, Han, Ruge, Fiona, Yang, Yong and Jiang, Wen Guo ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3283-1111 2012. Growth differentiation factor-9 expression is inversely correlated with an aggressive behaviour in human bladder cancer cells. International Journal of Molecular Medicine 29 (3) , pp. 428-434. 10.3892/ijmm.2011.858

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Abstract

Growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9) is a family member of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), which belong to the TGF-β superfamily. There has been a recent surge of interest in the role of growth differentiation factors and other BMPs in the development and spread of cancer. However, the role of GDF-9 in bladder cancer remains unknown. The present study investigated the expression of GDF-9 in normal and malignant human bladder tissue and its molecular interactions within bladder cancer cells. The expression of GDF-9 in human bladder tissues and bladder cancer cell lines was assessed at both the mRNA and protein levels using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Full-length GDF-9 cDNA was amplified from normal mammary tissues. GDF-9 was overexpressed in bladder cancer cell lines using a mammalian expression construct. The effect of GDF-9 on cellular functions, was examined in bladder cancer cells overexpressing GDF-9 using a variety of in vitro assays. In normal bladder tissues, stronger staining of GDF-9 was seen in transitional cells, both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus. In contrast, the staining of GDF-9 was notably weak or absent in cancer cells of tumour tissues. Similarly, the bladder cancer cell lines RT112 and EJ138, expressed very low levels of GDF-9. Moreover, overexpression of GDF-9 reduced the growth, adhesion and migration of bladder cell lines in vitro. However, the overexpression of GDF-9 had little bearing on the invasion of bladder cell lines in vitro. In conclusion, GDF-9 is expressed at lower levels in human bladder cancer cells compared with normal transitional cells of the bladder. GDF-9 levels are inversely correlated with the growth, adhesion and migration of bladder cancer cells in vitro. The results of the present study suggest that GDF-9 is a potential tumour suppressor in human bladder cancer.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Subjects:	R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0254 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology (including Cancer)
Additional Information:	Pdf uploaded in accordance with publisher's policy at http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/issn/1107-3756/ (accessed 24/02/2014).
Publisher:	Spandidos Publications
ISSN:	1107-3756
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	30 March 2016
Last Modified:	14 May 2023 07:22
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/29572

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