Maternal smoking during pregnancy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in offspring

Thapar, Anita ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3689-737X, Fowler, Tom A.lan, Rice, Frances ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9484-1729, Scourfield, Jane, van den Bree, Marianne Bernadette ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-3254, Thomas, Hollie Victoria, Harold, Gordon Thomas and Hay, Dale F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2505-0453 2003. Maternal smoking during pregnancy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in offspring. American Journal of Psychiatry 160 (11) , pp. 1985-1989. 10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.1985

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine whether smoking during pregnancy is associated with symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring and whether these effects are additional to genetic influences. METHOD: Children’s ADHD symptoms (parent- and teacher-rated), maternal smoking during pregnancy, conduct disorder symptoms, and family adversity were assessed with questionnaires for a population-based sample of twins (1,452 twin pairs 5–16 years of age). RESULTS: Although genetic influences accounted for most of the variance in offspring ADHD, maternal smoking during pregnancy was still found to show a significant environmentally mediated association. Maternal smoking remained a significant influence when other potential confounds were taken into account. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal smoking during pregnancy appears to show an association with offspring ADHD symptoms that is additional to the effects of genes and not attributable to shared rater effects, clinical referral biases, or covariation with antisocial behavior.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (CNGG) Medicine Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute (NMHRI) Psychology
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry R Medicine > RG Gynecology and obstetrics R Medicine > RJ Pediatrics
Publisher:	American Psychiatric Publishing
ISSN:	0002-953X
Last Modified:	21 Oct 2022 09:06
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/35313

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