Campbell, Karen and Swann, Karl ![]() |
Abstract
Mammalian eggs and embryos rely upon mitochondrial ATP production to survive and proceed through preimplantation development. Ca2+ oscillations at fertilization have been shown to cause a reduction of mitochondrial NAD+ and flavoproteins, suggesting they might also cause changes in cytosolic ATP levels. Here, we have monitored intracellular Ca2+ and ATP levels in fertilizing mouse eggs by imaging the fluorescence of a Ca2+ dye and luminescence of firefly luciferase. At fertilization an initial increase in ATP levels occurs with the first Ca2+ transient, with a second increase occurring about 1 h later. The increase in cytosolic ATP was estimated to be from a prefertilization concentration of 1.9 mM to a peak value of 3 mM. ATP levels returned to prefertilization values as the Ca2+ oscillations terminated. An increase in ATP also occurred with other stimuli that increase Ca2+ and it was blocked when Ca2+ oscillations were inhibited by BAPTA injection. Additionally, an ATP increase was not seen when eggs were activated by cycloheximide, which does not cause a Ca2+ increase. These data suggest that mammalian fertilization is associated with a sudden but transient increase in cytosolic ATP and that Ca2+ oscillations are both necessary and sufficient to cause this increase in ATP levels.
Item Type: | Article |
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Date Type: | Publication |
Status: | Published |
Schools: | Medicine |
Subjects: | R Medicine > RG Gynecology and obstetrics |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | ATP; Fertilization; Ca2+ oscillations; Egg; Luciferase |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
ISSN: | 1095-564X |
Last Modified: | 17 Oct 2022 08:34 |
URI: | https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/482 |
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