Intravenous antibiotics reduce the presence of Aspergillus in adult cystic fibrosis sputum

Baxter, Caroline G., Rautemaa, Riina, Jones, Andrew M., Webb, A. Kevin, Bull, Matthew J., Mahenthiralingam, Eshwar ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9014-3790 and Denning, David W. 2013. Intravenous antibiotics reduce the presence of Aspergillus in adult cystic fibrosis sputum. Thorax 68 (7) , pp. 652-657. 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-202412

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Abstract

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aspergillus fumigatus frequently co-colonise the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). This study aimed to assess the impact of short-term administration of intravenous antipseudomonal antibiotics during CF exacerbations on the presence of Aspergillus. Methods: Pre- and post-antibiotic sputum samples from 26 adult patients with CF and chronic Pseudomonas colonisation were analysed for the presence of Aspergillus by fungal culture, real-time PCR and galactomannan antigen (GM). Lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 s and forced vital capacity % predicted) and blood levels of total IgE, specific A fumigatus IgE and specific A fumigatus IgG were measured at the start and end of antibiotics. Respiratory viral real-time PCR and bacterial community profiling using ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (RISA) were performed to estimate concurrent changes in the lung microbiome. Results: Aspergillus PCR and GM were more sensitive than culture in detecting Aspergillus species (culture 8%, GM 31%, PCR 77%). There was a significant decline in the presence of Aspergillus, measured both by PCR and GM index, following antibacterial therapy (PCR: median increase in crossing threshold 1.7 (IQR 0.5–3.8), p<0.001; GM: median fall in GM index 0.7 (IQR 0.4–1.6), p=0.016). All patients improved clinically with a significant increase in lung function (p<0.0001). RISA community analysis showed large changes in bacterial community similarity in 67% of patients following antibiotics. Viral RT-PCR demonstrated the presence of a concurrent respiratory virus in 27% of patients. Conclusions: Intravenous antibiotics targeting Pseudomonas during CF pulmonary exacerbations have a negative impact on the presence of Aspergillus in sputum samples.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Biosciences
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
Publisher:	BMJ Publishing Group
ISSN:	0040-6376
Last Modified:	24 Oct 2022 11:38
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/48809

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