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Pan-African structures and metamorphism in the Makuti group, north-west Zimbabwe

Munyanyiwa, H. and Blenkinsop, Thomas G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9684-0749 1994. Pan-African structures and metamorphism in the Makuti group, north-west Zimbabwe. Journal of African Earth Sciences 19 (3) , pp. 185-198.

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Abstract

The Makuti Group is composed of arkosic gneisses, amphibolites, marbles, calc-silicate rocks and minor pelitic schists and forms part of the Pan-African supracrustal sequence within the Zambezi belt in north-west Zimbabwe. The group was affected by two generations of folds (Dz1 and DZ2). The DZ1 folds are isoclinal and plunge gently to the NW and SE. Dz2 folds are upright and refold Dz1 folds on an almost coincident axis giving rise to a type III fold interference pattern. Metamorphism within the Makuti Group is syn-DZ1 and pre-DZ2. Temperatures calculated from garnet-biotite (grt-bt) geothermometers increase to the south from 538±49°C in upper greenschist/low amphibolite facies, to 595±46°C for mid-amphibolite facies and 718±30°C for the upper amphibolite grade. Upper amphibolite grt-bt temperatures are supported by amphibole-plagioclase and garnet-hornblende (grt-hbl) temperatures. Compositional zoning is reflected by high anorthite content in plagioclase rims (An24–30) relative to the cores (An10–16) and by high Xgro+sps cores and low Xpyp+alm cores relative to the rims in garnets. Temperatures calculated using garnet and plagioclase rim compositions are 50°C higher than core temperatures. Thus growth zoning in plagioclase and garnet preserve a portion of the prograde P-T path. The metamorphic and structural data concur with the southward thrusting of the Zambezi belt.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Earth and Environmental Sciences
Subjects: Q Science > QE Geology
Publisher: Elsevier
ISSN: 1464-343X
Last Modified: 24 Oct 2022 12:08
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/50651

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