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Bone grafting: tissue treatment and osseointegration

Herbert, Amy Angharad 2004. Bone grafting: tissue treatment and osseointegration. PhD Thesis, Cardiff University.

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Abstract

Bone grafts fill skeletal defects and provide a structure upon which new bone can be deposited. There is no standard method of storing bone prior to grafting, the three main storage regimes being stored fresh frozen at -80 °C, gamma irradiated or freeze dried. The initial aim of this project was to determine how osteoblastic cells behaved when exposed to bone treated in the above ways. It was found that sterilisation of bone with gamma irradiation caused cell death in a number of the cells that came into contact with it. Therefore the use of gamma irradiation for grafting is contraindicated, a similar observation was observed for freeze-dried bone whereas cells grew and differentiated on fresh frozen tissue. The second aim of this study was to develop a system whereby bone marrow cells could be expanded in culture and retain their osteogenic potential so that they would be suitable for either coating a bone graft (thus increasing the rate of osseointegration of the graft) or used alone to treat small bone defects. Rodent bone marrow was used in a variety of cultures and bone formation was induced by either BGJ-b medium or ECCM (Endothelial cell conditioned medium). Control cultures were grown in alpha modification minimum essential medium. ECCM was overall found to produce a greater number of cells at the end of the incubation periods studied than BGJ-b medium. BGJ-b medium preferentially selected mineralization over cell proliferation under all of the culture conditions studied (monolayers, collagen gels and organ cultures). This medium would be best suited to forming small pieces of bone rapidly from bone marrow, to fill small bone defects such as those seen in the dental field. ECCM produced large numbers of osteogenic cells, which could potentially be used to coat large bone grafts.

Item Type: Thesis (PhD)
Status: Unpublished
Schools: Dentistry
Subjects: R Medicine > RK Dentistry
ISBN: 9781303163616
Date of First Compliant Deposit: 30 March 2016
Last Modified: 14 Nov 2023 15:33
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/55547

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