Proton pump inhibitor therapy is a risk factor for Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea

Yearsley, K. A., Gilby, L. J., Ramadas, A. V., Kubiak, E. M., Fone, David Lawrence ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6476-4881 and Allison, M. C. 2006. Proton pump inhibitor therapy is a risk factor for Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 24 (4) , pp. 613-619. 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.03015.x

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Abstract

Background: Inhibition of gastric acid removes a defence against ingested bacteria and spores, increasing the risk of some forms of gastroenteritis. Previous studies investigating a possible link between acid suppression therapy and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea have reported conflicting results. Aim: To investigate whether acid suppression therapy is associated with an increased risk of C. difficile-associated diarrhoea. Methods: Prospective case–control study of 155 consecutive in-patients with C. difficile-associated diarrhoea. Results: Antibiotics had been received by 143 (92%) of the C. difficile-associated diarrhoea group and 76 (50%) of the controls during the preceding 3 months. Among those receiving antibiotics, 59 (41%) of the C. difficile-associated diarrhoea group had also received acid suppression, compared with 21 (28%) of controls (OR 1.84, CI 1.01, 3.36, χ2 = 4.0, P = 0.046). Among the entire C. difficile-associated diarrhoea group 64 (41%) had received acid suppression compared with 40 (26%) of controls (OR 1.99, CI 1.19, 3.31, χ2 = 7.9, P = 0.005). Logistic regression analyses found that C. difficile-associated diarrhoea was independently associated with: antibiotic use (OR 13.1, 95% CI: 6.6, 26.1); acid suppression therapy (OR 1.90, 95% CI: 1.10, 3.29); and female sex (OR 1.79, 95% CI: 1.06, 3.04). Conclusions: The risk of C. difficile-associated diarrhoea in hospitalized patients receiving antibiotics may be compounded by exposure to proton pump inhibitor therapy.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General) R Medicine > RZ Other systems of medicine
Publisher:	Wiley-Blackwell
ISSN:	0269-2813
Last Modified:	27 Oct 2022 09:54
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/68186

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