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Motor nerve transplantation

Gray, William Peter ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7595-8887, Keohane, C. and Kirwan, W. O. 1997. Motor nerve transplantation. Journal of Neurosurgery 87 (4) , pp. 615-624. 10.3171/jns.1997.87.4.0615

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Abstract

The motor nerve transplantation (MNT) technique is used to transfer an intact nerve into a denervated muscle by harvesting a neurovascular pedicle of muscle containing motor endplates from the motor endplate zone of a donor muscle and implanting it into a denervated muscle. Thirty-six adult New Zealand White rabbits underwent reinnervation of the left long peroneal (LP) muscle (fast twitch) with a motor nerve graft from the soleus muscle (slow twitch). The right LP muscle served as a control. Reinnervation was assessed using microstimulatory single-fiber electromyography (SFEMG), alterations in muscle fiber typing and grouping, and isometric response curves. Neurofilament antibody was used for axon staining. The neurofilament studies provided direct evidence of nerve growth from the motor nerve graft into the adjacent denervated muscle. Median motor endplate jitter was 13 microsec preoperatively, and 26 microsec at 2 months, 29.5 microsec at 4 months, and 14 microsec at 6 months postoperatively (p < 0.001). Isometric tetanic tension studies showed a progressive functional recovery in the reinnervated muscle over 6 months. There was no histological evidence of aberrant reinnervation from any source outside the nerve pedicle. Isometric twitch responses and adenosine triphosphatase studies confirmed the conversion of the reinnervated LP muscle to a slow-type muscle. Acetylcholinesterase studies confirmed the presence of functioning motor endplates beneath the insertion of the motor nerve graft. It is concluded that the MNT technique achieves motor reinnervation by growth of new nerve fibers across the pedicle graft into the recipient muscle.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Medicine
Subjects: R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Publisher: American Association of Neurological Surgeons
ISSN: 0022-3085
Last Modified: 31 Oct 2022 09:38
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/81818

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