The effect of inflammation and its reduction on brain plasticity in multiple sclerosis: MRI evidence

Tomassini, Valentina ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7368-6280, d’Ambrosio, Alessandro, Petsas, Nikolaos, Wise, Richard Geoffrey ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1700-2144, Sbardella, Emilia, Allen, Marek, Tona, Francesca, Fanelli, Fulvia, Foster, Catherine ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1609-9458, Carnì, Marco, Gallo, Antonio, Pantano, Patrizia and Pozzilli, Carlo 2016. The effect of inflammation and its reduction on brain plasticity in multiple sclerosis: MRI evidence. Human Brain Mapping 37 (7) , pp. 2431-2445. 10.1002/hbm.23184

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Abstract

Brain plasticity is the basis for systems-level functional reorganization that promotes recovery in multiple sclerosis (MS). As inflammation interferes with plasticity, its pharmacological modulation may restore plasticity by promoting desired patterns of functional reorganization. Here, we tested the hypothesis that brain plasticity probed by a visuomotor adaptation task is impaired with MS inflammation and that pharmacological reduction of inflammation facilitates its restoration. MS patients were assessed twice before (sessions 1 and 2) and once after (session 3) the beginning of Interferon beta (IFN-beta), using behavioural and structural MRI measures. During each session, 2 functional MRI runs of a visuomotor task, separated by 25-minutes of task practice, were performed. Within-session between-run change in task-related functional signal was our imaging marker of plasticity. During session 1, patients were compared with healthy controls. Comparison of patients’ sessions 2 and 3 tested the effect of reduced inflammation on our imaging marker of plasticity. The proportion of patients with gadolinium-enhancing lesions reduced significantly during IFN beta. In session 1, patients demonstrated a greater between-run difference in functional MRI activity of secondary visual areas and cerebellum than controls. This abnormally large practice-induced signal change in visual areas, and in functionally connected posterior parietal and motor cortices, was reduced in patients in session 3 compared with 2. Our results suggest that MS inflammation alters short-term plasticity underlying motor practice. Reduction of inflammation with IFN-beta is associated with a restoration of this plasticity, suggesting that modulation of inflammation may enhance recovery-oriented strategies that rely on patients’ brain plasticity.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (CNGG) Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC) Medicine Psychology
Subjects:	R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Additional Information:	Article first published online: 18 MAR 2016 Pdf uploaded in accordance with publisher's policy at http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/issn/1065-9471/ (accessed 29/03/2016)
Publisher:	Wiley-Blackwell
ISSN:	1065-9471
Funders:	Merck Serono unconditional grant, du Pre' grant of the MS International Federation, Italian Ministry of Health
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	30 March 2016
Date of Acceptance:	7 March 2016
Last Modified:	06 Jan 2024 06:02
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/88290

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