Establishing a fluid-structure interaction platform for investigating infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Shaabeth, Samar Ali 2018. Establishing a fluid-structure interaction platform for investigating infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation. PhD Thesis, Cardiff University. Item availability restricted.

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Abstract

Improved knowledge of blood flow during CPR will provide a platform to understand how to optimise chest compression strategies, to maximise the success of this life-critical intervention. Modelling the human circulatory system remains, however, a very difficult and challenging task because of its complexity and heterogeneity, both geometrically and functionally. The work in this thesis presents the simulation process developed for subjectspecific blood flow modelling of porcine left ventricle during a simulated CPR compression. The building of the process chain required for the computations was described. The workflow consists of the fine segmentation of porcine CT data, extraction and processing of the 3D geometrical model, generation of high-quality controlled surface and volume meshes, definition of appropriate physical models, setting of realistic boundary conditions, and finally evaluation of the simulations. Aspects involving the computational stability and material characterisations essential for reliable computations were presented. Further, the integration of the individual steps into ANSYS including automation of the process, optimisation and the individualisation of the simulations, indispensable for a clinical implementation of such a subject-specific system, were described. Subject-specific model velocity profile of the blood flow from the outlet gave a similar velocity profile and magnitude expected from a first compression of the left ventricle in a resting state. Moreover, the velocity obtained from the experimental validation model agreed relatively well with that of the computational model giving the proposed model validity to be used in the investigation of the LV blood flow during compression. The simulated blood viscosity profile agreed strongly with the literature blood non-Newtonian profile. The experimental results of the present physical model agreed relatively well with the data from the computational model regarding the deformation of the structural part along with the velocity magnitude. Despite the fact that the biaxial data showed that the stiffness of the 3D printed material was found to be lower than the tissue in the very low strain rate, the preliminary FSI model material loading during the simulation was more significant for the choice of the hyperelastic material model. The outcomes of this research achieved the aim of implementing a fully coupled FSI method for the design and optimization of a porcine infant left ventricle during a simulated CPR compression. This model is considered a platform for investigating infant CPR chest compression efficacy.

Item Type:	Thesis (PhD)
Status:	Unpublished
Schools:	Engineering
Uncontrolled Keywords:	CPR; Chest Compression; FSI; CFD; Infant; Left Ventricle; Material Characterisation.
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	10 September 2018
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2022 02:04
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/114779

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