Global Fe-O isotope correlation reveals magmatic origin of Kiruna-type apatite-iron-oxide ores

Troll, Valentin R., Weis, Franz A., Jonsson, Erik, Andersson, Ulf B., Majidi, Seyed Afshin, Hogdahl, Karin, Harris, Chris, Millet, Marc-Alban ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2710-5374, Chinnasamy, Sakthi Saravanan, Kooijman, Ellen and Nilsson, Katarina P. 2019. Global Fe-O isotope correlation reveals magmatic origin of Kiruna-type apatite-iron-oxide ores. Nature Communications 10 , 1712. 10.1038/s41467-019-09244-4

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Abstract

Kiruna-type apatite-iron-oxide ores are key iron sources for modern industry, yet their origin remains controversial. Diverse ore-forming processes have been discussed, comprising low-temperature hydrothermal processes versus a high-temperature origin from magma or magmatic fluids. We present an extensive set of new and combined iron and oxygen isotope data from magnetite of Kiruna-type ores from Sweden, Chile and Iran, and compare them with new global reference data from layered intrusions, active volcanic provinces, and established low-temperature and hydrothermal iron ores. We show that approximately 80% of the magnetite from the investigated Kiruna-type ores exhibit δ56Fe and δ18O ratios that overlap with the volcanic and plutonic reference materials (> 800 °C), whereas ~20%, mainly vein-hosted and disseminated magnetite, match the low-temperature reference samples (≤400 °C). Thus, Kiruna-type ores are dominantly magmatic in origin, but may contain late-stage hydrothermal magnetite populations that can locally overprint primary high-temperature magmatic signatures

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Earth and Environmental Sciences
Additional Information:	This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Publisher:	Nature Research
ISSN:	2041-1723
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	8 February 2019
Date of Acceptance:	22 January 2019
Last Modified:	05 May 2023 22:51
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/119344

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