Pavement cells and the topology puzzle

Carter, Ross, Sánchez-Corrales, Yara E., Hartley, Matthew, Grieneisen, Verônica A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6780-8301 and Maree, Athanasius F. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-2484 2017. Pavement cells and the topology puzzle. Development 144 (23) , pp. 4386-4397. 10.1242/dev.157073

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Abstract

D'Arcy Thompson emphasised the importance of surface tension as a potential driving force in establishing cell shape and topology within tissues. Leaf epidermal pavement cells grow into jigsaw-piece shapes, highly deviating from such classical forms. We investigate the topology of developing Arabidopsis leaves composed solely of pavement cells. Image analysis of around 50,000 cells reveals a clear and unique topological signature, deviating from previously studied epidermal tissues. This topological distribution is established early during leaf development, already before the typical pavement cell shapes emerge, with topological homeostasis maintained throughout growth and unaltered between division and maturation zones. Simulating graph models, we identify a heuristic cellular division rule that reproduces the observed topology. Our parsimonious model predicts how and when cells effectively place their division plane with respect to their neighbours. We verify the predicted dynamics through in vivo tracking of 800 mitotic events, and conclude that the distinct topology is not a direct consequence of the jigsaw piece-like shape of the cells, but rather owes itself to a strongly life history-driven process, with limited impact from cell-surface mechanics.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Biosciences
Additional Information:	This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.
Publisher:	Company of Biologists
ISSN:	0950-1991
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	11 March 2019
Date of Acceptance:	24 October 2017
Last Modified:	07 May 2023 00:39
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/120518

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