The effect of antiretroviral therapy and CD4 count on markers of infectiousness in HIV-associated tuberculosis

van Halsema, Clare L., Fielding, Katherine L., Chihota, Violet N., George, Elizabeth C., Lewis, James J., Churchyard, Gavin J. and Grant, Alison D. 2015. The effect of antiretroviral therapy and CD4 count on markers of infectiousness in HIV-associated tuberculosis. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 70 (1) , pp. 104-108. 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000684

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Abstract

Clinical features of tuberculosis influence infectiousness. This cross-sectional study examined the effect of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and CD4 on sputum smear-positivity (SS+) and pulmonary cavitation among 1589 (1185/1589 HIV-positive) miners in South Africa. Proportions SS+ varied nonlinearly by CD4 with greatest proportions SS+ (55.3%) in the lowest stratum (<100 cells/μL). Adjusted prevalence ratio for SS+; on vs. off cART was 0.90 (95% confidence interval: 0.73 to 1.11). Proportions with cavitation varied linearly with CD4, with no independent cART effect (adjusted prevalence ratio 1.17; 95% confidence interval: 0.80 to 1.71). cART did not independently affect SS+ or cavitation but may increase infectiousness through CD4 recovery.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Social Sciences (Includes Criminology and Education)
Publisher:	Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
ISSN:	1525-4135
Date of Acceptance:	27 March 2015
Last Modified:	26 Oct 2020 17:15
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/123884

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