The effect of antiretroviral therapy and CD4 count on markers of infectiousness in HIV-associated tuberculosis

van Halsema, Clare L., Fielding, Katherine L., Chihota, Violet N., George, Elizabeth C., Lewis, James J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8603-2761, Churchyard, Gavin J. and Grant, Alison D. 2015. The effect of antiretroviral therapy and CD4 count on markers of infectiousness in HIV-associated tuberculosis. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 70 (1) , pp. 104-108. 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000684

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Abstract

Clinical features of tuberculosis influence infectiousness. This cross-sectional study examined the effect of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and CD4 on sputum smear-positivity (SS+) and pulmonary cavitation among 1589 (1185/1589 HIV-positive) miners in South Africa. Proportions SS+ varied nonlinearly by CD4 with greatest proportions SS+ (55.3%) in the lowest stratum (<100 cells/μL). Adjusted prevalence ratio for SS+; on vs. off cART was 0.90 (95% confidence interval: 0.73 to 1.11). Proportions with cavitation varied linearly with CD4, with no independent cART effect (adjusted prevalence ratio 1.17; 95% confidence interval: 0.80 to 1.71). cART did not independently affect SS+ or cavitation but may increase infectiousness through CD4 recovery.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Social Sciences (Includes Criminology and Education)
Publisher:	Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
ISSN:	1525-4135
Date of Acceptance:	27 March 2015
Last Modified:	26 Oct 2022 07:01
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/123884

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