Biosynthesis of nanoparticles from halophiles

Srivastava, Pallavee and Kowshik, Meenal 2015. Biosynthesis of nanoparticles from halophiles. Maheshwari, Dinesh K and Saraf, Meenu, eds. Halophiles Biodiversity and Sustainable Exploitation, Vol. 6. Sustainable Development and Biodiversity, Springer, pp. 145-159. (10.1007/978-3-319-14595-2_4)

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Abstract

Nanobiotechnology is a multidisciplinary branch of nanotechnology which includes fabrication of nanomaterials using biological approaches. Many bacteria, yeast, fungi, algae and viruses have been used for synthesis of various metallic, metal sulfide, metal oxide and alloy nanoparticles, since the first report on biosynthesis of cadmium sulfide quantum dots by Candida glabrata and Schizosaccharomyces pombe in 1989. These nanofactories offer a better size control through compartmentalization in the periplasmic space and vesicles, and are usually capped by stabilizing cellular metabolites. Halophiles depending on their salt requirements may be classified as slight, moderate and extreme halophiles. They are found in marine and/or hypersaline environments. These organisms are known to encounter metals in their environment as the econiches they inhabit serve as ecological sinks for metals. Metal based nanoparticle synthesis by halophilic organisms is in its infancy and has only been reported in few organisms. This chapter aims to shed light on the various halophilic organisms and their by-products that have been exploited for nanomaterial synthesis, the mechanisms that may be involved in the nanomaterial fabrication and the possible applications of the fabricated nanoparticles. A special section would be dedicated for the bioavailability of metals to halophiles under varying salinity conditions.

Item Type:	Book Section
Status:	Published
Schools:	Engineering
Publisher:	Springer
ISSN:	2352-474X
Last Modified:	27 Jul 2021 14:30
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/142747

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