Use of and barriers to maternal health services in southeast Chad: results of a population-based survey 2019

Marquis, Adine, O'Keeffe, Jennifer, Jafari, Yalda, Mulanda, Winston, Carrion Martin, Antonio Isidro, Daly, Maura, van der Kam, Saskia, Ariti, Cono ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-0935, Bow Gamaou, Allafi, Baharadine, Cherif, Pena, Sibyl Jade, Ringtho, Lucia and Kuehne, Anna 2022. Use of and barriers to maternal health services in southeast Chad: results of a population-based survey 2019. BMJ Open 12 (3) , e048829. 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-048829

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Abstract

Objectives Chad reports the second highest maternal mortality worldwide. We conducted a survey in Sila region in southeast Chad to estimate the use of maternal health services (MHS) and to identify barriers to access MHS. Design Retrospective cross-sectional, population-based survey using two-stage cluster sampling methodology. The survey consisted of two strata, Koukou Angarana and Goz Beida district in Sila region. We conducted systematic random sampling proportional to population size to select settlements in each strata in the first sampling stage; and in the second stage we selected households in the settlements using random walk procedure. We calculated survey-design-weighted proportions with 95% CIs. We performed univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression to identify impact factors associated with the use of MHS. Setting We interviewed women in selected households in Sila region in 2019. Participants Women at reproductive age, who have given birth in the previous 2 years and are living in Koukou Angarana and Goz Beida district. Primary outcomes Use of and access barriers to MHS including antenatal care (ANC), delivery care in a health facility (DC), postnatal care (PNC) and contraceptive methods. Results In total, 624 women participated. Median age was 28 years, 95.4% were illiterate and 95.7% married. Use of ANC, DC and PNC was reported by 57.6% (95% CI: 49.3% to 65.5%), 22.5% (95% CI: 15.7% to 31.1%) and 32.9% (95% CI: 25.8% to 40.9%), respectively. Use of MHS was lower in rural compared with urban settings. Having attended ANC increased the odds of using DC by 4.3 (1.5–12.2) and using PNC by 6.4 (3.7–11.1). Factors related to transport and to culture and belief were the most frequently stated access barriers to MHS. Conclusion In Sila region, use of MHS is low and does not meet WHO-defined standards regarding maternal health. Among all services, use of ANC was better than for other MHS. ANC usage is positively associated with the use of further life-saving MHS including DC and could be used as an entry point to the community. To increase use of MHS, interventions should include infrastructural improvements as well as community-based approaches to overcome access barriers related to culture and belief.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine Centre for Trials Research (CNTRR)
Additional Information:	This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license
Publisher:	BMJ Publishing Group
ISSN:	2044-6055
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	10 March 2022
Date of Acceptance:	25 January 2022
Last Modified:	07 May 2023 09:23
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/148291

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