Vertical-flow constructed wetlands treating domestic wastewater contaminated by hydrocarbons

Scholz, M., Almuktar, S. A. A. A. N., Sani, A. and Al-Isawi, R. H. K. 2015. Vertical-flow constructed wetlands treating domestic wastewater contaminated by hydrocarbons. Water Science and Technology 71 (6) 10.2166/wst.2015.054

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Abstract

The aim was to compare the impact of different design (aggregate size) and operational (contact time, empty time and chemical oxygen demand (COD) loading) variables on the long-term and seasonal performance of vertical-flow constructed wetland filters operated in tidal flow mode before and after a one-off spill of diesel. Ten different vertical-flow wetland systems were planted with Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (common reed). Approximately 130 g of diesel fuel was poured into four wetland filters. Before the spill, compliance with secondary wastewater treatment standards was achieved by all wetlands regarding ammonia-nitrogen (NH4-N), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) and suspended solids (SS), and non-compliance was recorded for biochemical oxygen demand and ortho-phosphate-phosphorus (PO4-P). Higher COD inflow concentrations had a significantly positive impact on the treatment performance for COD, PO4-P and SS. The wetland with the largest aggregate size had the lowest mean NO3-N outflow concentration. However, the results were similar regardless of aggregate size and resting time for most variables. Clear seasonal outflow concentration trends were recorded for COD, NH4-N and NO3-N. No filter clogging was observed. The removal efficiencies dropped for those filters impacted by the diesel spill. The wetlands system shows a good performance regarding total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) removal.

Item Type:	Article
Status:	Published
Schools:	Engineering
Publisher:	IWA Publishing
ISSN:	0273-1223
Date of Acceptance:	23 January 2015
Last Modified:	11 Mar 2023 02:18
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/150452

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