Class, cash and control in the South Sudan and Darfur borderlands

Kindersley, Nicki ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-5302 and Majok Majok, Joseph Diing 2022. Class, cash and control in the South Sudan and Darfur borderlands. Third World Thematics: A TWQ Journal 10.1080/23802014.2022.2095429

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Abstract

This article argues for a better understanding of the market foundations of ‘elite’ autocracy, and for a re-centring of the construction and exploitation of labour markets, in histories of economic and political power in South Sudan. Based on conversations with residents and migrant workers on the borders between north-western South Sudan and southern Darfur in Sudan over 2017 to 2019, it explores how cycles of wars, displacement, resettlement and reconstruction since the 1980s have rapidly monetised and commodified working lives, land and relationships. This has precipitated rapid class stratification, cash debt and worker exploitation, and sharp controls on the emerging cheap cash labour pool via border violence, wage depression, land alienation and rents, and the construction of a private educational market, which have all undercut older forms of collective work and mutuality. These changes have been encouraged and exploited by growing classes of private landowners, commercial farmers and military entrepreneurs, and been supported by the development and humanitarian system’s investment in market forces and individual self-reliance.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Published Online
Status:	Published
Schools:	History, Archaeology and Religion Cardiff Law & Politics
ISSN:	2379-9978
Date of Acceptance:	23 June 2022
Last Modified:	14 Nov 2022 10:45
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/154126

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