Water supply and demand: national and regional trends

Ahmad, Shahid and Ahmad, Ghufran ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2454-9335 2023. Water supply and demand: national and regional trends. Ahmad, Mahmood, ed. Water Policy in Pakistan, Vol. 30. Global Issues in Water Policy, vol. 1. Cham, Switzerland: Springer, pp. 91-121. (10.1007/978-3-031-36131-9_4)

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Abstract

This chapter focuses on the supply and demand of water resources in Pakistan. Data on the availability and use of water in Pakistan will be used to develop a water balance for the IBIS. Because the per capita water availability is less than 1000 cubic meters (m3), Pakistan is currently categorized as a water-scarce country. However, there is a silver lining in that productivity in the agricultural sector can be doubled by using better technology and reducing the amount of land that needs to be farmed, possibly reducing the gap between supply and demand. The Indus Water Treaty of 1960 has posed serious limitations for both countries in sharing the water supply during dry years. The provinces of Pakistan agreed on the Water Apportionment Accord in 1991 to resolve the water-sharing conflict. However, there are still issues between the provinces on sharing during dry years, resulting in reduced environmental flows to the ecosystems and reduced availability for the agricultural sector. Finally, water is discussed in the regional context of South Asia which will focus on Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan. A brief overview of the current scenario along with historical trends will be provided for these countries. Then, we provide the successes and gaps related to water, specifically the measures taken to deal with issues related to climate change, in the four countries.

Item Type:	Book Section
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Business (Including Economics)
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HB Economic Theory S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General)
Publisher:	Springer
ISBN:	9783031361302
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	2 October 2023
Last Modified:	20 Feb 2024 16:07
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/162864

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