Longitudinal trajectories of plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids and associations with psychosis-spectrum outcomes in early adulthood

Mongan, David, Perry, Benjamin I., Healy, Colm, Susai, Subash Raj, Zammit, Stan ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2647-9211, Cannon, Mary and Cotter, David R. 2024. Longitudinal trajectories of plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids and associations with psychosis-spectrum outcomes in early adulthood. Biological Psychiatry 10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.04.004

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Abstract

Background Evidence supports associations between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and psychosis. However, PUFA trajectories in the general population have not been characterised and associations with psychosis-spectrum outcomes in early adulthood are unknown. background Methods Plasma omega-6:omega-3 ratio and DHA %total fatty acids were measured by nuclear magnetic spectroscopy at 7,15,17 and 24years in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Curvilinear growth mixture modelling evaluated BMI-adjusted trajectories of both measures. Outcomes were assessed at 24years. Psychotic experiences (PEs), At-Risk-Mental-State status, psychotic disorder and number of PEs were assessed using the Psychosis-Like Symptoms interview PLIKSi (n=3635, 2247 [61.8%]female). Negative symptoms score was measured using the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (n=3484, 2161 [62.0%]female). Associations were adjusted for sex, ethnicity, parental social class, cumulative smoking and alcohol use. Results Relative to stable average, the persistently high omega-6:omega-3 ratio trajectory was associated with increased odds of PEs and psychotic disorder, but attenuated on adjustment for covariates (PEs adjusted odds ratio[aOR] 1.63, 95% confidence interval[CI] 0.92-2.89; psychotic disorder aOR 1.69, 95%CI 0.71-4.07). This was also the case for persistently low DHA (PEs aOR 1.42, 95%CI 0.84-2.37; psychotic disorder aOR 1.14, 95%CI 0.49-2.67). Following adjustment, persistently high omega-6:omega-3 ratio was associated with increased number of PEs (β0.41, 95%CI 0.05-0.78) and negative symptoms score (β0.43, 95%CI 0.14-0.72), as was persistently low DHA (number of PEs:β 0.45, 95%CI 0.14-0.76; negative symptoms:β 0.35, 95%CI 0.12-0.58). Conclusions Optimisation of PUFA status during development warrants further investigation in relation to psychotic symptoms in early adulthood.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Published Online
Status:	In Press
Schools:	Medicine MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (CNGG)
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	0006-3223
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	17 April 2024
Date of Acceptance:	8 April 2024
Last Modified:	30 Apr 2024 01:56
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/168025

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