Is plate tectonics a post-Archean phenomenon? A petrological perspective

Brown, Michael, Pearce, Julian A. and Johnson, Tim E. 2024. Is plate tectonics a post-Archean phenomenon? A petrological perspective. Journal of the Geological Society 181 (6) , jgs2024-091. 10.1144/jgs2024-091

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Abstract

The petrogenesis of contemporary igneous and metamorphic rocks is commonly explained by plate tectonics, but how far back in time does this relationship hold? Here we investigate whether the distinctive petrological features of recent ocean crust, subduction-related magmatism and regional metamorphism can be unambiguously identified in the Archean geological record. From an igneous perspective based on geological relationships and Th–Nb systematics, it is difficult to claim that any Archean ‘ophiolite’ was part of a global plate system rather than deriving from a plume ascending through attenuating lithosphere. Furthermore, the rarity of subduction-related rocks, particularly their plutonic equivalents, which have good preservation potential, is consistent with the concept of local convergence and short-lived subduction. From a metamorphic perspective, the appearance of orogenic eclogites in the Paleoproterozoic, the widespread occurrence of blueschists and ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks since the late Neoproterozoic, and a change from a unimodal to a bimodal distribution of metamorphic T/P during the Proterozoic, are responses to secular cooling and the evolution of global tectonics since the Archean. Our petrological perspective is that plate tectonics analogous to that on Earth today is probably a post-Archean phenomenon.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Earth and Environmental Sciences
Publisher:	The Geological Society
ISSN:	0016-7649
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	25 July 2024
Date of Acceptance:	5 July 2024
Last Modified:	09 Oct 2024 14:40
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/170930

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