Yang, Zunhui, Wei, Xin, Ling, Wei, Xenias, Dimitrios  ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2973-9664, Deng, Xi and Chatzivasileiadi, Aikaterini ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5413-466X
2026.
Enhancing navigation equity in built environments: Effects of lifts layout on indoor wayfinding.
Developments in the Built Environment
27
, 101021.
10.1016/j.dibe.2026.101021
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Abstract
The placement of lifts and staircases is crucial in built environment layout design. As indoor landmarks, their role in guiding people with different senses of direction (SOD) remains unclear. Five virtual library wayfinding scenes were established based on common lift-staircase combinations. Forty-six participants completed wayfinding tasks in each scene. Excessive distance and pointing error measured wayfinding efficiency and spatial cognition. Results show that under lift placement intervention, SOD trends in wayfinding efficiency differ from those in spatial cognition. High-SOD individuals show better spatial cognition than low-SOD individuals, yet no significant efficiency difference exists between groups. This is attributed to lift layout's strong impact on low-SOD individuals. Placing lifts adjacent to the atrium enhances their spatial cognition and efficiency; orienting lift doors perpendicular to the main entrance further improves efficiency. Adjusting circulation space layout within the built environment can alleviate low-SOD individuals' wayfinding difficulties, thereby enhancing navigation equity in built environments.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Date Type: | Publication |
| Status: | Published |
| Schools: | Schools > Architecture Schools > Psychology |
| Publisher: | Elsevier |
| ISSN: | 2666-1659 |
| Date of First Compliant Deposit: | 24 August 2026 |
| Date of Acceptance: | 17 August 2026 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Sep 2026 14:17 |
| URI: | https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/189139 |
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