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Explaining governance with depth: Critical realism and the morphogenetic turn in public administration research

Buanaputra, Vogy Gautama 2026. Explaining governance with depth: Critical realism and the morphogenetic turn in public administration research. International Review of Administrative Sciences 10.1177/00208523261487548

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Abstract

Public Administration (PA) research remains divided between positivist approaches that privilege regularities and interpretive approaches that prioritize meaning, often at the expense of causal depth. This paper argues that Critical Realism (CR) offers a viable alternative by integrating explanation and interpretation within a stratified ontology. Building on Bhaskar's philosophy and Archer's Morphogenetic Approach (MA), the paper develops a programmatic explanatory framework for PA research that explains how structures, cultures, and agency interact over time in open systems. It shows how retroduction, analytical dualism, and morphogenetic sequencing can be operationalized to analyze reform trajectories, accountability regimes, street-level discretion, informal governance, and public value creation. The paper contributes by consolidating CR–MA across these domains and clarifying how qualitative and mixed-method research can move from empirical observations to generative mechanisms while remaining attentive to context, interpretation, and power. In doing so, it advances an explanatory turn in PA research capable of accounting for variation, change, and legitimacy in complex governance contexts.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Published Online
Status: In Press
Schools: Schools > Business (Including Economics)
Publisher: SAGE Publications
ISSN: 0020-8523
Funders: NA
Projects: NA
Date of First Compliant Deposit: 25 September 2026
Date of Acceptance: 28 August 2026
Last Modified: 28 Sep 2026 09:17
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/189800

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