Anticipating trustworthy GenAI in the public healthcare system

Calzada, Igor ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4269-830X and Garaikoetxea, Ana 2026. Anticipating trustworthy GenAI in the public healthcare system. Misra, Sanjay, Traymbak, Shruti, Chockalingam, Sabarathinam, Kjølerbakken, Morgan and Braarud, Per Øivind, eds. Human-Centric Artificial Intelligence: Human–Technology Integration, [Anticipating Trustworthy GenAI in the Public Healthcare System]. New York: Routledge, (10.1201/9781003635871-11)

Full text not available from this repository.

Abstract

Public healthcare systems face complex challenges in integrating Generative AI (GenAI) while ensuring trust, accountability, and equity. This chapter examines how Human–AI Governance (HAIG) frameworks can support the democratic and anticipatory integration of GenAI into the Basque public healthcare system (Osakidetza) through Living Lab experimentation. Using a qualitative action research design, the study combined co-design workshops, focus groups, and ethnographic observation with general practitioners (GPs) and patients in a primary care context, supported by BioGipuzkoa. Findings identified five interdependent factors shaping trustworthy GenAI adoption: epistemic uncertainty and clinical judgment, trust and explainability, accountability and error, data ownership and consent, and digital divides and access. The chapter demonstrates how Living Labs can serve as a practical HAIG instrument—operationalising anticipatory governance, enabling participatory oversight, and offering a replicable methodology for other regions seeking to integrate GenAI responsibly into public healthcare. The study concludes that embedding GenAI within HAIG-informed Living Lab infrastructures in Osakidetza and BioGipuzkoa can strengthen augmentation of clinical judgment, multi-layered explainability, shared accountability, participatory data governance, and inclusion—thereby providing a concrete pathway for the democratic and anticipatory integration of GenAI in public healthcare systems that is elaborated in Section 6.

Item Type:	Book Section
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Schools > Social Sciences (Includes Criminology and Education) Schools > School of Social and Spatial Sciences
Publisher:	Routledge
ISBN:	9781041053170
Last Modified:	11 Nov 2026 09:45
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/190839

Actions (repository staff only)

Edit Item