Growth and differentiation factor 9 (GDF-9) induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer cells

Bokobza, Sivan Mili, Ye, Lin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0303-2409, Kynaston, Howard ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1902-9930 and Jiang, Wen Guo ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3283-1111 2010. Growth and differentiation factor 9 (GDF-9) induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer cells. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 349 (1-2) , pp. 33-40. 10.1007/s11010-010-0657-5

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Abstract

The role of bone morphogenetic proteins in the progression and metastasis of prostate cancer is a topic that has undergone extensive research. This study investigates the role of BMP member growth and differentiation factor 9 (GDF-9) in the progression of this disease. GDF-9 was over-expressed and knocked-down in PC-3 cells, respectively. Furthermore, along with the use of a generated recombinant GDF-9 protein, these cells were then analyzed for any changes in their invasiveness and expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) associated genes. GDF-9 was shown to promote the invasiveness of PC-3 cells together with an induction in the expression of genes including SNAI1, RhoC, ROCK-1, and N-cadherin, while reducing levels of E-cadherin. These expression changes are characteristic of the onset of EMT, and resulted in the cells having a more mesenchymal-like morphology. Treating these cells with activin-like kinase-5 (ALK-5) inhibitor, demonstrated that GDF-9 induced up-regulation of these molecules was ALK-5 dependant. This study shows that in PC-3 cells, GDF-9 signaling via ALK-5, can promote cell invasiveness via a complex network of signaling molecules that work together to trigger the process of EMT, and thereby aid in the aggressiveness and progression of prostate cancer cells.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Subjects:	R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0254 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology (including Cancer)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	bone morphogenetic protein, GDF-9, prostate cancer, SNAI1, EMT
Publisher:	Springer
ISSN:	0300-8177
Last Modified:	19 Oct 2022 10:12
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/23579

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