Exploring retrograde signaling via astrocytes as a mechanism for self repair

Wade, J., McDaid, L. J., Harkin, J., Crunelli, Vincenzo ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7154-9752, Kelso, J. A,. S. and Beiu, V. 2011. Exploring retrograde signaling via astrocytes as a mechanism for self repair. Presented at: Neural Networks (IJCNN), The 2011 International Joint Conference on, San Jose, CA, United States, July 31 - Aug 5 2011. Published in: Wade, John J., McDaid, Liam J., Crunelli, Vincenzo ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7154-9752, Kelso, J. A. Scott and Beiu, Valeriu eds. The 2011 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN),. 10.1109/IJCNN.2011.6033638

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Abstract

Recent work has shown that astrocytes are capable of bidirectional communication with neurons which leads to modulation of synaptic activity. Moreover, indirect signaling pathways of retrograde messengers such as endocannabinoids lead to modulation of synaptic transmission probability. In this paper we hypothesize that this signaling underpins fault tolerance in the brain. In particular, faults manifest themselves in silent or near silent neurons, which is caused by low transmission probability synapses, and the enhancement of the transmission probability of a “faulty” synapse by indirect retrograde feedback is the repair mechanism. Furthermore, based on recent findings we present a model of self repair at the synaptic level, where retrograde signaling via astrocytes increases the probability of neurotransmitter release at damaged or low transmission probability synapses. Although our model is still at the embryo stage, results presented are encouraging and highlight a new research direction on brain-like self repair.

Item Type:	Conference or Workshop Item (Paper)
Status:	Published
Schools:	Biosciences Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute (NMHRI)
Subjects:	Q Science > Q Science (General) Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology R Medicine > R Medicine (General) R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
ISBN:	9781424496358
Last Modified:	20 Oct 2022 08:02
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/27016

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