Seasonal palmar keratoderma in erythropoietic protoporphyria indicates autosomal recessive inheritance

Holme, S. Alexander, Whatley, Sharon D., Roberts, Andrew Glyn, Anstey, Alexander Vincent ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6345-4144, Elder, George H., Ead, Russell D., Stewart, M. Felicity, Farr, Peter M., Lewis, Helen M., Davies, Nicholas, White, Marion I., Ackroyd, R. Simon and Badminton, Michael Norman 2009. Seasonal palmar keratoderma in erythropoietic protoporphyria indicates autosomal recessive inheritance. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 129 (3) , pp. 599-605. 10.1038/jid.2008.272

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Abstract

Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) is an inherited disorder that results from partial deficiency of ferrochelatase (FECH). It is characterized clinically by acute photosensitivity and, in 2% of patients, liver disease. Inheritance is usually autosomal dominant with low penetrance but is recessive in about 4% of families. A cross-sectional study of 223 patients with EPP in the United Kingdom identified six individuals with palmar keratoderma. We now show that these and three additional patients, from six families, have an inherited subtype of EPP which is characterized by seasonal palmar keratoderma, relatively low erythrocyte protoporphyrin concentrations, and recessive inheritance. No patient had evidence of liver dysfunction; four patients had neurological abnormalities. Patients were hetero- or homoallelic for nine different FECH mutations; four of which were previously unreported. Prokaryotic expression predicted that FECH activities were 2.7–25% (mean 10.6%) of normal. Neither mutation type nor FECH activity provided an explanation for the unusual phenotype. Our findings show that palmar keratoderma is a clinical indicator of recessive EPP, identify a phenotype that occurs in 38% of reported families with recessive EPP that to our knowledge is previously unreported, and suggest that patients with this phenotype may carry a lower risk of liver disease than other patients with recessive EPP.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Natural history > QH426 Genetics R Medicine > RL Dermatology
Publisher:	Society for Investigative Dermatology
ISSN:	0022-202X
Last Modified:	06 May 2023 02:07
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/30030

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