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Optimising the combustion of low calorific value gases by utilising transient flow phenomena in swirl burners

Fick, Wolfgang, Griffiths, Anthony John, O'Doherty, Timothy ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2763-7055 and Syred, Nicholas 2002. Optimising the combustion of low calorific value gases by utilising transient flow phenomena in swirl burners. International Journal on Combustion Technologies for a Clean Environment 3 (1) , pp. 21-51.

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Abstract

The aerodynamics caused by the PVC are highly complex and understanding the three dimensional phenomenon it is therefore of paramount importance. The information gained from the novel PIV system contributed substantially to the understanding of the complex flow pattern associated with the PVC. Secondary vortices have been identified reacting as closed loop feedback system to recycle and burn active combustion species. They also provides re-ignition for those combustion species and hence aids the overall flame stabilisation. The 100kW model swirl burner/furnace system was used to carry out measurements under rich operation conditions due to safety consideration of the exhaust system of the full scale rig. The CO emissions under piloted premixed conditions in this case were substantially lower than under non premixed conditions. Under premixed conditions the CO emissions were extraordinary low when compared to non premixed conditions. The NOx emissions confirm the advantages of piloted premixed or premixed operation conditions. NOx were 30% lower in case of piloted premixed and 60% lower in case of premixed operation conditions. The higher exhaust gas temperatures under non premixed and piloted premixed operation conditions compared to the premixed case were reflected in the NOx emissions. Intense turbulence caused by the PVC reduced the formation of thermal NOx. Lower outlet temperatures and lower CO emissions at the same power indicate higher e ciency due to premixed combustion conditions and subsequently utilising the PVC and its associated phenomena. Investigations on the industrial scaled 2MW swirl burner/furnace system were only carried out under lean operation conditions. Non premixed and piloted premixed fuel entry modes were compared. Under non premixed conditions a long flame extending down to the furnace exit occurred. Piloted premixed conditions required an axial pilot flame to ensure flame stability for fuel simulated calorific values less than 1.5MJ/m3. All the results clearly show that operating swirl burner/furnace systems under piloted premixed or premixed (where possible due to flame stability limits) conditions has clear advantages over the axial fuel entry mode. The resulting short and intense flame provides more e cient combustion and wider flame stability limits (under very lean operation conditions).

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Engineering
Subjects: T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
Uncontrolled Keywords: Swirl burner ; emissions ; low calorific value fuels ; lean combustion
ISSN: 1934-0516
Last Modified: 17 Oct 2022 09:41
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/5179

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