Surface functionalized TiO<inf>2</inf> supported Pd catalysts for solvent-free selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol

Weerachawanasak, P., Hutchings, Graham John ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8885-1560, Edwards, Jennifer Kelly ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4089-2827, Kondrat, Simon A., Miedziak, Peter John and Panpranot, J 2015. Surface functionalized TiO<inf>2</inf> supported Pd catalysts for solvent-free selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol. Catalysis Today 250 , pp. 218-225. 10.1016/j.cattod.2014.06.005

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Abstract

Pd catalysts supported on TiO2 functionalized with various amounts of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) were prepared using a post-synthesis grafting method combined with electroless deposition of Pd. As revealed by the Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results, monolayer APTES grafting was obtained using 0.005 mmol APTES on 1.5 g TiO2 support. Excess amounts of APTES resulted in both multilayer and reversed attachment, which NH2 attached to the TiO2 surface rather than giving free NH2 termination. The catalytic activity in the solvent-free selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol was correlated well with the highest amount of Pd deposited as well as the formation of small and uniform Pd nanoclusters with narrow particle size distribution (average diameter 3.4 nm) on the 1%Pd/TiO2-0.005APTES. Increasing of surface basicity via the hydrolysis of amino groups (single bondNH2) is suggested to enhance the dehydrogenation of benzyl alcohol, and as a consequence the selectivity toward benzaldehyde increased for all the APTES-modified TiO2 supported Pd catalysts. In addition, the combination of metallic Pd0 and PdOx (Pd2+/Pd4+) species gave high catalytic activity in the benzyl alcohol oxidation, emphasizing that the reduction of PdOx species by the adsorbed benzyl alcohol is an essential step to form highly active metallic Pd0 sites.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Cardiff Catalysis Institute (CCI) Chemistry
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	1873-4308
Date of Acceptance:	4 June 2014
Last Modified:	31 Oct 2022 11:00
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/86988

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