Structural and regulatory diversity shape HLA-C protein expression levels

Kaur, Gurman, Gras, Stephanie, Mobbs, Jesse I., Vivian, Julian P., Cortes, Adrian, Barber, Thomas, Kuttikkatte, Subita Balaram, Jensen, Lise Torp, Attfield, Kathrine E., Dendrou, Calliope A., Carrington, Mary, McVean, Gil, Purcell, Anthony W., Rossjohn, Jamie ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2020-7522 and Fugger, Lars 2017. Structural and regulatory diversity shape HLA-C protein expression levels. Nature Communications 8 , p. 15924. 10.1038/ncomms15924

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Abstract

Expression of HLA-C varies widely across individuals in an allele-specific manner. This variation in expression can influence efficacy of the immune response, as shown for infectious and autoimmune diseases. MicroRNA binding partially influences differential HLA-C expression, but the additional contributing factors have remained undetermined. Here we use functional and structural analyses to demonstrate that HLA-C expression is modulated not just at the RNA level, but also at the protein level. Specifically, we show that variation in exons 2 and 3, which encode the α1/α2 domains, drives differential expression of HLA-C allomorphs at the cell surface by influencing the structure of the peptide-binding cleft and the diversity of peptides bound by the HLA-C molecules. Together with a phylogenetic analysis, these results highlight the diversity and long-term balancing selection of regulatory factors that modulate HLA-C expression.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Published Online
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Publisher:	Nature Publishing Group
ISSN:	2041-1723
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	10 July 2017
Date of Acceptance:	12 May 2017
Last Modified:	25 Nov 2024 06:45
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/102240

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