Impairment of manual but not saccadic response inhibition following acute alcohol intoxication

Campbell, Anne Eileen, Chambers, Christopher D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6058-4114, Allen, Christopher P. G., Hedge, Craig ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6145-3319 and Sumner, Petroc ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0536-0510 2017. Impairment of manual but not saccadic response inhibition following acute alcohol intoxication. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 181 , pp. 242-254. 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.08.022

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Abstract

Background: Alcohol impairs response inhibition, however it remains contested whether such impairments affect a general inhibition system, or whether affected inhibition systems are embedded in, and specific to, each response modality. Further, alcohol-induced impairments have not been disambiguated between proactive and reactive inhibition mechanisms, and nor have the contributions of action-updating impairments to behavioural 'inhibition' deficits been investigated. Methods: Forty Participants (25 female) completed both a manual and a saccadic stop-signal reaction time (SSRT) task before and after a 0.8g/kg dose of alcohol and, on a separate day, before and after a placebo. Blocks in which participants were required to ignore the signal to stop or make an additional 'dual' response were included to obtain measures of proactive inhibition as well as updating of attention and action. Results: Alcohol increased manual but not saccadic SSRT. Proactive inhibition was weakly reduced by alcohol, but increases in the reaction times used to baseline this contrast prevent clear conclusions regarding response caution. Finally, alcohol also increased secondary dual response times of the dual task uniformly as a function of the delay between tasks, indicating an effect of alcohol on actionupdating or execution. Conclusions: The modality-specific effects of alcohol favour the theory that response inhibition systems are embedded within response modalities, rather than there existing a general inhibition system. Concerning alcohol, saccadic control appears relatively more immune to disruption than manual control, even though alcohol affects saccadic latency and velocity. Within the manual domain, alcohol affects multiple types of action updating, not just inhibition.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Psychology
Additional Information:	This is an open access article under the CC-BY license.
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	0376-8716
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	29 August 2017
Date of Acceptance:	22 August 2017
Last Modified:	29 Oct 2024 02:05
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/104046

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