Human CD8+ T cell cross-reactivity across influenza A, B and C viruses

Koutsakos, Marios, Illing, Patricia T., Nguyen, Thi H. O., Mifsud, Nicole A., Crawford, Jeremy Chase, Rizzetto, Simone, Eltahla, Auda A., Clemens, E. Bridie, Sant, Sneha, Chua, Brendon Y., Wong, Chinn Yi, Allen, E. Kaitlynn, Teng, Don, Dash, Pradyot, Boyd, David F., Grzelak, Ludivine, Zeng, Weiguang, Hurt, Aeron C., Barr, Ian, Rockman, Steve, Jackson, David C., Kotsimbos, Tom C., Cheng, Allen C., Richards, Michael, Westall, Glen P., Loudovaris, Thomas, Mannering, Stuart I., Elliott, Michael, Tangye, Stuart G., Wakim, Linda M., Rossjohn, Jamie ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2020-7522, Vijaykrishna, Dhanasekaran, Luciani, Fabio, Thomas, Paul G., Gras, Stephanie, Purcell, Anthony W. and Kedzierska, Katherine 2019. Human CD8+ T cell cross-reactivity across influenza A, B and C viruses. Nature Immunology 20 , pp. 613-625. 10.1038/s41590-019-0320-6

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Abstract

Influenza A, B and C viruses (IAV, IBV and ICV, respectively) circulate globally and infect humans, with IAV and IBV causing the most severe disease. CD8+ T cells confer cross-protection against IAV strains, however the responses of CD8+ T cells to IBV and ICV are understudied. We investigated the breadth of CD8+ T cell cross-recognition and provide evidence of CD8+ T cell cross-reactivity across IAV, IBV and ICV. We identified immunodominant CD8+ T cell epitopes from IBVs that were protective in mice and found memory CD8+ T cells directed against universal and influenza-virus-type-specific epitopes in the blood and lungs of healthy humans. Lung-derived CD8+ T cells displayed tissue-resident memory phenotypes. Notably, CD38+Ki67+CD8+ effector T cells directed against novel epitopes were readily detected in IAV- or IBV-infected pediatric and adult subjects. Our study introduces a new paradigm whereby CD8+ T cells confer unprecedented cross-reactivity across all influenza viruses, a key finding for the design of universal vaccines.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Publisher:	Nature Publishing Group
ISSN:	1529-2908
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	16 April 2019
Date of Acceptance:	10 January 2019
Last Modified:	26 Nov 2024 07:45
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/120359

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